Chemical composition of rainwater at Maldives Climate Observatory at Hanimaadhoo (MCOH)

Das, R.; Granat, Lennart; Leck, Caroline; Praveen, P. S.; Rodhe, Henning

doi:10.5194/acp-11-3743-2011

Cited by 18 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…Quality checks of the IC-analyses were performed with both internal and external reference samples (Das et al, 2011) <6%, <0.1%, >0.2%, <0.2%, and 0% of the sample, respectively. Additional procedural information is given in Engstr€ om and .…”

Section: Inorganic Compounds Msa and Oxalic Acidmentioning

confidence: 99%

New insights in sources of the sub-micrometre aerosol at Mt. Zeppelin observatory (Spitsbergen) in the year 2015

Karl¹,

Leck²,

Rad³

et al. 2019

Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology

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In order to evaluate the potential impact of the Arctic anthropogenic emission sources it is essential to understand better the natural aerosol sources of the inner Arctic and the atmospheric processing of the aerosols during their transport in the Arctic atmosphere. A 1-year time series of chemically specific measurements of the sub-micrometre aerosol during 2015 has been taken at the Mt. Zeppelin observatory in the European Arctic. A source apportionment study combined measured molecular tracers as source markers, positive matrix factorization, analysis of the potential source distribution and auxiliary information from satellite data and ground-based observations. The annual average sub-micrometre mass was apportioned to regional background secondary sulphate (56%), sea spray (17%), biomass burning (15%), secondary nitrate (5.8%), secondary marine biogenic (4.5%), mixed combustion (1.6%), and two types of marine gel sources (together 0.7%). Secondary nitrate aerosol mainly contributed towards the end of summer and during autumn. During spring and summer, the secondary marine biogenic factor reached a contribution of up to 50% in some samples. The most likely origin of the mixed combustion source is due to oil and gas extraction activities in Eastern Siberia. The two marine polymer gel sources predominantly occurred in autumn and winter. The small contribution of the marine gel sources at Mt. Zeppelin observatory in summer as opposed to regions closer to the North Pole is attributed to differences in ocean biology, vertical distribution of phytoplankton, and the earlier start of the summer season.

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Section: Inorganic Compounds Msa and Oxalic Acidmentioning

confidence: 99%

New insights in sources of the sub-micrometre aerosol at Mt. Zeppelin observatory (Spitsbergen) in the year 2015

Karl¹,

Leck²,

Rad³

et al. 2019

Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology

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“…However, there have been no systematic, long-term measurements of rainwater chemistry have been made over Indgo Gangetic Plains (IGP) region to date (Satsangi et al, 1998a, b;Das et al, 2005;Singh et al, 2007a;Tiwari et al, 2007;Das et al, 2010;Shukla and Sharma, 2010;Das et al, 2011;Tiwari et al, 2012;references therein). The IGP supports nearly 70% of India's population and is one of the highly polluted and industrialized regions of the world.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to this, the studies of precipitation chemistry in South Asian region especially in India have been performed (Rao et al, 1992;Granat et al, 2002;Kulshrestha et al, 2003;Safai et al, 2004;Kulshrestha et al, 2005;Momin et al, 2005;Mouli et al, 2005;Tiwari et al, 2007;Rastogi and Sarin, 2007;Salve et al, 2008;Budhavant et al, 2009;Safai et al, 2010;Shukla and Sharma, 2010;Budhavant et al, 2011, Das et al, 2011Salve et al, 2011;Tiwari et al, 2011Tiwari et al, , 2012Budhavant et al, 2014; references therein). However, there have been no systematic, long-term measurements of rainwater chemistry have been made over Indgo Gangetic Plains (IGP) region to date (Satsangi et al, 1998a, b;Das et al, 2005;Singh et al, 2007a;Tiwari et al, 2007;Das et al, 2010;Shukla and Sharma, 2010;Das et al, 2011;Tiwari et al, 2012;references therein).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nature and Sources of Ionic Species in Precipitation across the Indo-Gangetic Plains, India

Tiwari

Hopke

Thimmaiah

et al. 2016

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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The spatial distribution of rainwater chemistry over the densely-populated and highly polluted Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP) was investigated using samples (total = 687) collected during three consecutive summer monsoon seasons from 2009 to 2011. The concentrations of secondary ionic species (SO 4 2-and NO 3 -) were measured along with the other major ions (F -, Cl -, Na + , K + , Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ and NH 4 + ) and pH and specific conductivity. The weighted mean pH (± std) and conductivity of rainwater were 5.73 (± 0.17) and 31.6 (± 31.0) µS cm -1 , respectively. Approximately 16% of rainwater samples were acidic (pH < 5.61) with a mean pH = 5.38 of acid rain and rest of them were more alkaline (pH > 5.61) (mean pH = 6.34 for the more basic samples). Specific conductivity was ~39% lower (20.6 µS cm -1 ) for the acidic rain compared to the more basic (33.6 µS cm -1 ) samples.

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“…Most of the studies reported from Maldives are part of Atmospheric Brown Cloud (ABC) project as MCOH Climate Observatory is located at Hanimaadhoo Island. Transport of pollutants up to MCOH has been reported by Das and coworkers [68]. They have used airmass trajectories to interpret the water soluble inorganic components in rain deposited at MCOH to find out seasonality and possible source regions.…”

Section: Maldivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Airmass Trajectories and Long Range Transport of Pollutants: Review of Wet Deposition Scenario in South Asia

Kulshrestha

Kumar

2014

Advances in Meteorology

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This paper presents a review of airmass trajectories and their role in air pollution transport. It describes the concept, history, and basic calculation of air trajectories citing various trajectory models used worldwide. It highlights various areas of trajectory applications and errors associated with trajectory calculations. South Asian region receives airmasses from Europe, Middle East, Africa, and Indian Ocean, and so forth, depending upon the season. These airmasses are responsible for export and import of pollutants depositing in nearby states. Trajectory analysis revealed that soil is contributed by the dust storms coming from Oman through Gulf and Iran, while most of black carbon (BC) sources are located in India. A detailed review of trajectories associated with wet deposition events indicated that airmasses coming from Europe and Middle East carry high concentration of acidic pollutants which are deposited in Himalayan ranges. Similarly, trajectory analysis revealed that acidic pollutants from continental anthropogenic sources are transported to an ecosensitive site in Western Ghats in India and the outward fluxes of anthropogenic activities of Indo-Gangetic region are transported towards Bay of Bengal. Hence, transboundary and long range transport of pollutants are very important issues in South Asia which need immediate attention of scientists and policy makers.

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Chemical composition of rainwater at Maldives Climate Observatory at Hanimaadhoo (MCOH)

Abstract: Abstract. Water-soluble inorganic components in rain deposited at the Maldives Climate Observatory Hanimaadhoo (MCOH) were examined to determine seasonality and possible source regions. The study, which is part of the Atmospheric Brown Cloud (ABC) project, covers the period

Cited by 18 publications

References 50 publications

New insights in sources of the sub-micrometre aerosol at Mt. Zeppelin observatory (Spitsbergen) in the year 2015

New insights in sources of the sub-micrometre aerosol at Mt. Zeppelin observatory (Spitsbergen) in the year 2015

Nature and Sources of Ionic Species in Precipitation across the Indo-Gangetic Plains, India

Airmass Trajectories and Long Range Transport of Pollutants: Review of Wet Deposition Scenario in South Asia

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