Chemical composition of rainwater in the Yulong Snow Mountain region, Southwestern China

Niu, Hewen; He, Yuanqing; Lu, Xixi; Shen, Jie; Du, Jun; Zhang, Tao; Pu, Tao; Xin, Hanshen; Chang, Li

doi:10.1016/j.atmosres.2014.03.010

Cited by 94 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…of local residents (Legrand et al, 2013a;Niu et al, 2014Niu et al, , 2016; SO 4 2À and NO 3 À are primarily generated from fossil fuel combustion (Li et al, 2016a); and NH 4 þ is derived mainly from biogenic emissions (Pio et al, 2007;Kirillova et al, 2014a). Three factors explained over 80% of the total variance (Table 4).…”

Section: Properties Of Wsoc In Glaciersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Mt. Yulong region has two distinct seasons: the monsoon or rainy period (June-September) and the nonmonsoon or dry period (October-May) (Niu et al, 2014(Niu et al, , 2016(Niu et al, , 2017b. In the monsoon season, much moisture and heat is transported from the Indian and Pacific oceans by the intense Indian summer monsoon and East Asian summer monsoons (Nie et al, 2017).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Factor loading or PCA decomposition provides objective representations of multivariate data through the analysis of the covariance structure of its variants (e.g. Meeker et al, 1995;Niu et al, 2014). Generally, it is deemed that Ca 2þ and Mg 2þ in glacial regions are mainly from crustal sources (Yao et al, 1995;Kang et al, 2010); K þ is emitted from biomass burning such as heating and cooking (use wood and crop straw) (Yan et al, 2016) Snow 1.4 ± 0.4 5.0 ± 5.9 365 Ice 1.3 ± 0.7 3.4 ± 2.7 36 Barrow, Alaska (Voisin et al, 2012) Snowpack 2.6 ± 1.1 6.1 ± 0.27 250 Beijing, China (Cheng et al, 2011) P M 2.5 1.3 ± 0.76 7.2 ± 0.28 365 New Delhi (Kirillova et al, 2014b) Winter aerosols 1.1-2.7 3.1-9.3 365 Berkeley, California (Kirchstetter et al, 2004) Vehicle emissions Aerosols 5 4.8 350 Everest (Li et al, 2016b) Carbonaceous Aerosols 1.18 ± 0.64 4.64 ± 1.15 365 Fig.…”

Section: Light Absorption Property Of Wsocmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Distributions and light absorption property of water soluble organic carbon in a typical temperate glacier, southeastern Tibetan Plateau

Niu

Kang

et al. 2018

Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology

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Section: Properties Of Wsoc In Glaciersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Light Absorption Property Of Wsocmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Distributions and light absorption property of water soluble organic carbon in a typical temperate glacier, southeastern Tibetan Plateau

Niu

Kang

et al. 2018

Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology

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“…Moreover, there is a spacious parking lot and a tourist dining center in GHZ. Besides the major emissions from tourist vehicles, there are some other limited pollution sources, such as agricultural waste burning, biomass burning (open fire), and crustal aerosols (Niu et al, 2014(Niu et al, , 2016 near the study sites. These two sampling sites are located on the southeast fringe of the TP, away from urban areas, and thus considered as typical remote areas in the Northern Hemisphere (Li et al, 2016a) and ideal observation areas for atmospheric environment in the glacierization region.…”

Section: Study Area and Tsp Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal variation and light absorption property of carbonaceous aerosol in a typical glacier region of the southeastern Tibetan Plateau

et al. 2018

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Abstract. Deposition and accumulation of light-absorbing carbonaceous aerosol on glacier surfaces can alter the energy balance of glaciers. In this study, 2 years (December 2014 to December 2016) of continuous observations of carbonaceous aerosols in the glacierized region of the Mt. Yulong and Ganhaizi (GHZ) basin are analyzed. The average elemental carbon (EC) and organic carbon (OC) concentrations were 1.51 ± 0.93 and 2.57 ± 1.32 µg m −3 , respectively. Although the annual mean OC / EC ratio was 2.45 ± 1.96, monthly mean EC concentrations during the post-monsoon season were even higher than OC in the high altitudes (approximately 5000 m a.s.l.) of Mt. Yulong. Strong photochemical reactions and local tourism activities were likely the main factors inducing high OC / EC ratios in the Mt. Yulong region during the monsoon season. The mean mass absorption efficiency (MAE) of EC, measured for the first time in Mt. Yulong, at 632 nm with a thermal-optical carbon analyzer using the filter-based method, was 6.82 ± 0.73 m 2 g −1 , comparable with the results from other studies. Strong seasonal and spatial variations of EC MAE were largely related to the OC abundance. Source attribution analysis using a global aerosol-climate model, equipped with a black carbon (BC) source tagging technique, suggests that East Asia emissions, including local sources, have the dominant contribution (over 50 %) to annual mean near-surface BC in the Mt. Yulong area. There is also a strong seasonal variation in the regional source apportionment. South Asia has the largest contribution to near-surface BC during the premonsoon season, while East Asia dominates the monsoon season and post-monsoon season. Results in this study have great implications for accurately evaluating the influences of carbonaceous matter on glacial melting and water resource supply in glacierization areas.

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“…Because the pollutants released from industrial factories, traffic, etc. in various areas to atmosphere, inorganic ions and especially the toxic organics (e.g., nitrobenzene and phenols) exist in the rainwater all over the world, in addition to the micro and macro particles and microbes [11][12][13][14]. Most of those toxic organic pollutants are volatile and even recalcitrant, and thus they indeed challenge rainwater utilization.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient Removal of Micropollutants in Rainwater by New Vacuum Ultraviolet

Li¹,

Chen²,

Yue³

2015

Proceedings of the 2015 International Conference on Advanced Engineering Materials and Technology

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Abstract. Toxic micropollutants in rainwater challenge the effective reuse of rainwater. This study proposed the application of newly developed vacuum-ultraviolet (VUV) in the advanced treatment of rainwater, and assessed the efficiency and feasibility in application. The VUV was generated from the UV lamp made of the new special silica. Benzoic acid, p-hydroxyl benzoic acid, bisphenol A, p-chlorobenzoic acid, nitrobenzene, and p-chloronitrobenzene were selected as target compounds. Their degradation efficiency was evaluated, and the degradation kinetics were also analyzed. Influence of pH was investigated, and the degradation mechanisms were explored by distinguishing the individual contributions of different radicals involved. The efficiency of VUV was further compared with that of H 2 O 2 /UV process, and its advantages were consequently discussed when applied in the practical rainwater treatment. The results obtained here will support the VUV irradiation as an promising treatment process for the purification of rainwater for the centralized and decentralized systems to guarantee the safety of the rainwater reuse. IntroductionOur world suffers from an increasing water crisis because of the climate change, anthropogenic water pollution [1][2][3][4]. Besides stringent wastewater treatment prior to drainage to environment and development of new and effective water treatment methods to guarantee the safety of water use, exploration and full utilization of new water resources are promising [1,5]. From the point of view of water circulation globally, in essence, rainwater or storm water is the origin of fresh water. So rainwater harvesting and utilization is a promising approach to alleviate the water crisis [6][7][8][9][10].Rainwater can be used for many purposes, such as irrigation in agriculture, landscape, toilet flushing, firefighting, and even drinking water. Because the pollutants released from industrial factories, traffic, etc. in various areas to atmosphere, inorganic ions and especially the toxic organics (e.g., nitrobenzene and phenols) exist in the rainwater all over the world, in addition to the micro and macro particles and microbes [11][12][13][14]. Most of those toxic organic pollutants are volatile and even recalcitrant, and thus they indeed challenge rainwater utilization. Hence, advanced purification of rainwater is central to guarantee the safety of its wide utilization.Most of the current strategies including coagulation, membrane filtration, adsorption, biodegradation, oxidation, and chlorine and UV disinfection are limited to some extent in practical application and should be selected and applied case on case [15]. The rainwater is usually unevenly distributed globally and annually. Furthermore, the rainwater compositions are also dependent upon the location-specific chemicals released there. Different purpose of rainwater utilization also needs special treatment highly depending on the costs. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are attractive for the generation of very powerfully oxidizing ...

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Chemical composition of rainwater in the Yulong Snow Mountain region, Southwestern China

Cited by 94 publications

References 71 publications

Distributions and light absorption property of water soluble organic carbon in a typical temperate glacier, southeastern Tibetan Plateau

Distributions and light absorption property of water soluble organic carbon in a typical temperate glacier, southeastern Tibetan Plateau

Seasonal variation and light absorption property of carbonaceous aerosol in a typical glacier region of the southeastern Tibetan Plateau

Efficient Removal of Micropollutants in Rainwater by New Vacuum Ultraviolet

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