Chemical Composition of the Supercritical CO2Extracts of theYaka, PrilepandOtljaTobaccos

Alagic, Sladjana; Stančić, Ivica; Palić, Radosav; Stojanović, Gordana; Lepojević, Žika

doi:10.1080/10412905.2006.9699062

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…and Himanthalia elongata, mainly fatty acids, alkanes, phenols and compounds such as phytol (2-hexadecen-1-ol, 3,7,11,15-tretramethyl) and neophytadiene. These compounds have been already proposed to have certain antimicrobial activity [24]. Others, like fucosterol, have been also described as active in other brown algae [25].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Screening for bioactive compounds from algae

Plaza

Santoyo

Jaime

et al. 2010

Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis

394

244

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In the present work, a comprehensive methodology to carry out the screening for novel natural functional compounds is presented. To do that, a new strategy has been developed including the use of unexplored natural sources (i.e., algae and microalgae) together with environmentally clean extraction techniques and advanced analytical tools. The developed procedure allows also estimating the functional activities of the different extracts obtained and even more important, to correlate these activities with their particular chemical composition. By applying this methodology it has been possible to carry out the screening for bioactive compounds in the algae Himanthalia elongata and the microalgae Synechocystis sp. Both algae produced active extracts in terms of both antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. The obtained pressurized liquid extracts were chemically characterized by GC-MS and HPLC-DAD. Different fatty acids and volatile compounds with antimicrobial activity were identified, such as phytol, fucosterol, neophytadiene or palmitic, palmitoleic and oleic acids. Based on the results obtained, ethanol was selected as the most appropriate solvent to extract this kind of compounds from the natural sources studied.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Screening for bioactive compounds from algae

Plaza

Santoyo

Jaime

et al. 2010

Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis

394

244

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“…First, there are an estimated 8700 chemicals reported to be present in tobacco smoke [ 18 , 99 , 100 ], and the current study has only screened 34 chemicals identified as highly concentrated. Moreover, there are several tobacco smoke chemicals that are present in the gaseous state, are highly volatile, or lack protons, and thus are not detectable by NMR [ 18 , 21 , 99 , 101 , 102 , 103 , 104 , 105 , 106 ]. Second, there are likely toxic chemicals in CSC found within the low µM or nM concentration that were not detectable because of the sensitivity of NMR.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

NMR Spectroscopy Identifies Chemicals in Cigarette Smoke Condensate That Impair Skeletal Muscle Mitochondrial Function

Khattri

Thome

Fitzgerald

et al. 2022

Toxics

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Tobacco smoke-related diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are associated with high healthcare burden and mortality rates. Many COPD patients were reported to have muscle atrophy and weakness, with several studies suggesting intrinsic muscle mitochondrial impairment as a possible driver of this phenotype. Whereas much information has been learned about muscle pathology once a patient has COPD, little is known about how active tobacco smoking might impact skeletal muscle physiology or mitochondrial health. In this study, we examined the acute effects of cigarette smoke condensate (CSC) on muscle mitochondrial function and hypothesized that toxic chemicals present in CSC would impair mitochondrial respiratory function. Consistent with this hypothesis, we found that acute exposure of muscle mitochondria to CSC caused a dose-dependent decrease in skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiratory capacity. Next, we applied an analytical nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based approach to identify 49 water-soluble and 12 lipid-soluble chemicals with high abundance in CSC. By using a chemical screening approach in the Seahorse XF96 analyzer, several CSC-chemicals, including nicotine, o-Cresol, phenylacetate, and decanoic acid, were found to impair ADP-stimulated respiration in murine muscle mitochondrial isolates significantly. Further to this, several chemicals, including nicotine, o-Cresol, quinoline, propylene glycol, myo-inositol, nitrosodimethylamine, niacinamide, decanoic acid, acrylonitrile, 2-naphthylamine, and arsenic acid, were found to significantly decrease the acceptor control ratio, an index of mitochondrial coupling efficiency.

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“…Those aroma products were obtained by extraction of plant materials (1:10, w/v ) with 95% ethanol at 70 °C (resinoid) and with petroleum ether at 30 °C (concrete), followed by complete removal of the solvents, respectively [21,22] Similarly, ionone and its derivatives were not identified in the commercial-grade absolute from the Bulgarian tobaccos, representing another traditional concentrated tobacco aroma product, obtained from tobacco concrete after extraction with ethanol at low temperature, with the exception of 3-oxo-α-ionol and 3-oxo-7,8-dihydro-α-ionol [3]. Radulović et al [29] did not identify carotenoid derivatives in the ether and ethyl acetate extracts from oriental and semi-oriental Serbian tobaccos, further stating that they were less complex mixtures than the respective EOs and CO 2 extracts [30,31,32]. On the other hand, Yokoi and Shimoda [33] found carotenoid degradation products, such as β-damascone, β-damascenone, 3-hydroxy-β-damascone, 3-oxo-α-ionol, and others in low-density polyethylene (LDPE) membrane and direct diethyl ether extracts from Virginia flue-cured tobacco.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carotenoid-Related Volatile Compounds of Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) Essential Oils

et al. 2019

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Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) aroma is an important attribute of tobacco quality and is influenced by a variety of minor chemical components, including carotenoid degradation products. The objectives of this work were to determine the content of the most important fragrance-shaping carotenoid degradation products in the essential oils (EOs) of the three types of Bulgarian tobacco—Oriental (OR), flue-cured Virginia (FCV), and Burley (BU)—and to compare them with other aromatic products from tobacco. The content of total carotenoids and β-carotene was highest in BU tobacco (22.23 and 20.34 mg/100 g DW, respectively), followed by OR (13.60 and 12.09 mg/100 g DW in variety “Plovdiv 7” (Pd7); 6.27 and 5.45 mg/100 g DW in “Krumovgrad” (Kr), and FCV (5.93 and 3.73 mg/100 g DW). EOs were obtained by hydrodistillation in an acidified medium, and the main aroma-impact compounds from carotenoid degradation (identified by GC-MS) were as follows: FCV-α-ionone (0.61 mg/100 g DW), dihydro-β-ionone (0.96 mg/100 g DW), β-damascenone (1.26 mg/100 g DW); BU-α-ionone (0.73 mg/100 g DW), dihydro-β-ionone (1.19 mg/100 g DW), β-damascenone (1.35 mg/100 g DW); OR(Kr)-α-ionone (0.20 mg/100 g DW), β-ionone (1.08 mg/100 g DW), dihydro-β-ionone (1.34 mg/100 g DW), β-damascenone (0.36 mg/100 g DW); OR(Pd7)-α-ionone (1.43 mg/100 g DW), dihydro-β-ionone (1.73 mg/100 g DW), β-damascenone (1.23 mg/100 g DW). Ionone and its derivatives were not identified in the aroma extraction products concrete, resinoid, or absolute. The results suggest that temperature, pH of the medium, process duration, and possibly other unknown factors affect carotenoid transformation. The study provides insight into the composition of tobacco EOs and may be of interest to the fragrance industry.

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Chemical Composition of the Supercritical CO²Extracts of theYaka, PrilepandOtljaTobaccos

Cited by 18 publications

References 12 publications

Screening for bioactive compounds from algae

Screening for bioactive compounds from algae

NMR Spectroscopy Identifies Chemicals in Cigarette Smoke Condensate That Impair Skeletal Muscle Mitochondrial Function

Carotenoid-Related Volatile Compounds of Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) Essential Oils

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