Chemical composition of utility water in the arid climate zone on the examples of Kébili and Medenine regions (southern Tunisia)

Latos, Beata; Sobczak-Szelc, Karolina; Skocki, K.; Kozłowski, Rafał; Szczucińska, Anna

doi:10.4467/20833113pg.18.017.9540

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…However, they face overexploitation and scarcity of resources mostly due to increasing demand and a relatively rigid offer (Louhichi, Flichman, & Comeau, 2000). The overexploitation of artesian water leads to a regression in its flow and transition to subartesian, based on electrical pumping (Latos, Sobczak-Szelc, Kozłowski, Skocki, & Szczucińska, 2018). Additionally, in the El Faouar oasis, the state has funded 1500 m deep drilling to hot water (Mekki et al, 2013), which after cooling down is used for irrigation.…”

Section: Research Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Migration as one of several adaptation strategies for environmental limitations in Tunisia: evidence from El Faouar

Sobczak-Szelc

Fekih²

2020

CMS

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Water scarcity and management of this problem are increasingly acknowledged in development policies as well as in adaptation and migration discourse. In South Mediterranean countries, insufficient water supplies in oases are the biggest limitation on yields of sufficient quantity and quality and increase in arable land, in short, the development of agriculture. Insufficient income from agriculture, when it is the main source of revenue, can push people to migrate. However, migration does not have to be the measure of last resort. Proper adaption to this limitation, including proactive migration, can reduce forced movements from this region in the future. The main aim of this paper is to identify and analyse household strategies, including migration, to cope with and adapt to the impact of environmental changes and limitations on agricultural development in the South Mediterranean. This paper is based on field research carried out in the El Faouar oasis area in Tunisia using a mixed-method approach. The results show that the inhabitants of El Faouar must cope with unforeseen crop destruction limiting their daily expenses by selling livestock or, in years of drought, migrating to look for additional sources of income. The results also show that local households try to increase their resistance to climate change, environmental limitations, and permanent migration by developing their agricultural capacity, provided they have additional resources from such endeavours as work outside El Faouar or remittances. Moreover, migration has become part of a wider process of socioeconomic transformation in which people leave in order to cope with or adapt to environmental changes.

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Section: Research Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Migration as one of several adaptation strategies for environmental limitations in Tunisia: evidence from El Faouar

Sobczak-Szelc

Fekih²

2020

CMS

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“…In the dry areas, elevated concentration of sodium and its negative influence on the ecosystem have been pointed out many times (i.a. Bahaj et al 2013, Bouchaou et al 2008, El Mandour et al 2008, Rochdane et al 2015, Dłużewski et al 2017, Latos et al 2018, Szczucińska et al 2019. The low quality of alluvial water was observed in areas where wells are located in alluvial formations.…”

Section: Health-based Guidance Level By Whomentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the quality and irrigation purpose suitability of alluvial water in Erfoud, Morocco

Latos

Szczucińska

Kozłowski

2019

Quaestiones Geographicae

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Dry areas are especially exposed to the risk of water shortages and elevated mineralization. High water salinity, caused by low precipitation, high evaporation and human impact, usually strongly limits the use of the water for irrigation. The aim of the study was to assess the quality and irrigation purpose suitability of alluvial water in the Erfoud oasis, Morocco. The samples of water were collected from 20 wells in June 2017. We observed excessive concentrations of many parameters i.a.: NO3, Cd, Ni, Na, NH4, Cl, SO4, Fe, Cr. To determine the possibility to use the water for irrigation purposes, the Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR), sodium percentage (%Na), permeability index (PI), Kelly’s ratio (KR), magnesium hazards (MH) and electrical conductivity (EC) were assessed. The values of KR and MH qualified the waters as unsuitable for irrigation purposes. The observed %Na indicates that the groundwater is permissible for irrigation purposes, and permeability index, that it is of moderate quality. However, water classification using the SAR vs EC diagram confirms its high and very high alkali and salinity hazard. The mean EC value of the water was 9.5 mS cm−1.

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The role of the environment within a constellation of interacting causal factors shaping mobility—the example of three oases in Northern Africa

Sobczak-Szelc

2024

Reg Environ Change

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Northern Africa’s oases are fragile agroecosystems that, through environmental limitations on agricultural development, such as insufficient amounts of water for irrigation, have had to face a profound transformation of the environment on which livelihoods depend. A common strategy in such a situation is mobility. Though mobility responds to similar environmental limitations, the varying economic, social, demographic, and political contexts lead to divergent forms of it. Based on the mixed-method research conducted in the three oases located on the edge of the Sahara Desert (Mhamid in Morocco, El Faouar, and El Ferch in Tunisia), this paper explores the complex interplay of environmental and non-environmental factors shaping mobility. It highlights the need for a contextualization analysis of the mobility-environment nexus, illustrating how different factors’ constellations make mobility part of adaptation, coping, or escape strategies. The results reveal the dynamics of intertwined factors influencing mobility in the oases, sometimes dominated by environmental factors, other times by economic ones, and so forth. This makes their residents subject to fluid categorisation as environmental migrants, and the mobility-environmental nexus itself is highly complex.

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Chemical composition of utility water in the arid climate zone on the examples of Kébili and Medenine regions (southern Tunisia)

Cited by 3 publications

References 15 publications

Migration as one of several adaptation strategies for environmental limitations in Tunisia: evidence from El Faouar

Migration as one of several adaptation strategies for environmental limitations in Tunisia: evidence from El Faouar

Assessment of the quality and irrigation purpose suitability of alluvial water in Erfoud, Morocco

The role of the environment within a constellation of interacting causal factors shaping mobility—the example of three oases in Northern Africa

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