Chemical consequences of laser-induced breakdown in molecular gases

Babánková, Dagmar; Civiš, Svatopluk; Juha, L.

doi:10.1016/j.pquantelec.2006.09.001

Cited by 26 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…A hot, dense plasma was formed in the cell by laser-induced dielectric breakdown (LIDB). The centimetre-sized plasma fireball can be considered as a good laboratory model of a high-velocity impact and/or lightning in planetary atmospheres (Babánková et al 2006;Juha & Civiš 2008). This is because, during its spatiotemporal evolution, the fireball passes through various stages relevant to these high-energy-density natural phenomena.…”

Section: The Pals Laser Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifiable Acetylene Features Predicted for Young Earth-like Exoplanets with Reducing Atmospheres Undergoing Heavy Bombardment

Rimmer

Ferus

Waldmann

et al. 2019

ApJ

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The chemical environments of young planets are assumed to be largely influenced by impacts of bodies lingering on unstable trajectories after the dissolution of the protoplanetary disk. We explore the chemical consequences of impacts within the context of reducing planetary atmospheres dominated by carbon monoxide, methane and molecular nitrogen. A terawatt high-power laser was selected in order to simulate the airglow plasma and blast wave surrounding the impactor. The chemical results of these experiments are then applied to a theoretical atmospheric model. The impact simulation results in substantial volume mixing ratios within the reactor of 5% hydrogen cyanide (HCN), 8% acetylene (C 2 H 2 ), 5% cyanoacetylene (HC 3 N) and 1% ammonia (NH 3 ). These yields are combined with estimated impact rates for the Early Earth to predict surface boundary conditions for an atmospheric model. We show that impacts might have served as sources of energy that would have led to Corresponding author: P. B. Rimmer

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Section: The Pals Laser Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifiable Acetylene Features Predicted for Young Earth-like Exoplanets with Reducing Atmospheres Undergoing Heavy Bombardment

Rimmer

Ferus

Waldmann

et al. 2019

ApJ

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“…LIPS has many practical advantages over the conventional methods of chemical analysis of elements and is consequently being considered for a growing number of applications [10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time-resolved Fourier-transform infrared emission spectroscopy of Au in the1800–4000−cm−1region: Rydberg transitions

et al. 2010

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Time-resolved Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy was applied for observations of the emission arising after irradiation of a Au target with a pulsed nanosecond ArF (λ = 193 nm) laser. A high-repetition-rate laser (1.0 kHz) with an output energy of 15 mJ was focused on a rotating metal target inside a vacuum chamber (average pressure 10 −2 Torr). The infrared emission spectra were observed in the 1800-4000 cm −1 spectral region with a time profile showing maximum emission intensity in 9-11 µs after a laser shot. Seven prominent lines are reported; most of them are identified as being due to transitions between low Rydberg nl states of Au with n = 5-10 and l = 0-3. An alternative identification (6f 5/2 → 7d 3/2 ) is given for the 2518.489 cm −1 line previously classified as 8d 5/2 → 5f 5/2 . On the basis of the measured lines, three f levels of the Au atom are reported and revised values are given for six other levels.

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“…Laser ablation is a versatile and sensitive probe for the detection and identification of trace substances. As such, this technique has many practical advantages over the conventional chemical analysis methods (Aragon & Aguilera 2008;Lednev & Pershin 2008) and is being used in a growing number of applications (Lee et al 2004;Babánková et al 2006;Gomes et al 2004;Barthélemy et al 2005;Aragon & Aguilera 2008). In this study, we combined LIBS with time-resolved Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to record IR emission spectra in seven spectral ranges: 800-1000, 1000-1300, 1200-1600, 1600-2000, 2000-3500, 4100-5000, and 5000-7700 cm −1 (12.5-10, 10-7.7, 8.33-6.25, 6.25-5.0, 5.0-2.85, 2.34-2.0, 2.0-1.3 μm).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Na I spectra in the 1.4–14 micron range: transitions and oscillator strengths involving f-, g-, and h-states

Civiš

Ferus

Kubelík

et al. 2012

A&A

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Context. Compared with the visible and ultraviolet ranges, fewer atomic and ionic lines are available in the infrared spectral region. Atlases of stellar spectra often provide only a short list of identified lines, and modern laboratory-based spectral features for wavelengths longer than 1 micron are not available for most elements. For the efficient use of the growing capabilities of infrared (IR) astronomy, detailed spectroscopical information on atomic line features in the IR region is needed. Aims. Parts of the infrared stellar (e.g., solar) spectra in the 1200-1800 cm −1 (5.6-8 μm) range have never been observed from the ground because of heavy contamination of the spectrum by telluric absorption lines. Such an infrared spectrum represents a great challenge for laboratory observations of new, unknown infrared atomic transitions involving the atomic levels with high orbital momentum and their comparison with the available spectra. Methods. The vapors of excited Na I atoms are produced during the ablation of the salt (sodium iodide, Na I) targets by a highrepetition rate (1.0 kHz) pulsed nanosecond ArF laser ExciStar S-Industrial V2.0 1000, pulse length 12 ns, λ = 193 nm, output energy of 15 mJ, fluence about 2-20 J/cm 2 inside a vacuum chamber (average pressure 10 −2 Torr). The time-resolved emission spectrum of the neutral atomic potassium (Na I) was recorded in the 700-7000 cm −1 region using the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy technique with a resolution of 0.02 cm −1 . The f -values calculated in the quantum-defect theory approximation are presented for the transitions involving the reported Na I levels.Results. This study reports precision laboratory measurements for 26 Na I lines in the range of 700-7000 cm −1 (14-1.4 μm), including 20 lines not measured previously in the laboratory. This results in newly observed 7h, 6h, and 6g levels, and improved energy determination for ten previously known levels. The doublet structure of the 4f level has been observed for the first time. For transitions between the observed levels, we report calculated f -values that agree reasonably well with experiment. Conclusions. The recorded Na I line features agree with the data from the available solar spectrum atlases. The energy values of Na I 4s, 4p, 5p, 6p, 4f, 5f, and 5g levels extracted from our spectra have lower uncertainties as compared to the values reported several decades ago, but the latter values slightly differ from ours.

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Chemical consequences of laser-induced breakdown in molecular gases

Cited by 26 publications

References 39 publications

Identifiable Acetylene Features Predicted for Young Earth-like Exoplanets with Reducing Atmospheres Undergoing Heavy Bombardment

Identifiable Acetylene Features Predicted for Young Earth-like Exoplanets with Reducing Atmospheres Undergoing Heavy Bombardment

Time-resolved Fourier-transform infrared emission spectroscopy of Au in the1800–4000−cm−1region: Rydberg transitions

Na I spectra in the 1.4–14 micron range: transitions and oscillator strengths involving f-, g-, and h-states

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