Chemical constituents and pharmacologic actions of Cynomorium plants

Meng, Hao-Cong; Wang, Shuo; Li, Ying; Kuang, Yuanyuan; Ma, Cui

doi:10.1016/s1875-5364(13)60049-7

Cited by 21 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Astragaloside (AST) and its active metabolite cysloastragenole (CAG) activated telomerase and slowed down the aging process in human embryonic kidney HEK293 fibroblasts [ 90 ]. Cynomorium songaricum polysaccharide increased telomerase activity and led to elongation of telomeres in murine cells [ 91 ]. Tichon et al found chemical telomerase activators: AGS-499 and AGS-500 to induce expression of TERT in MSCs, to increase the length of telomeres and to stimulate cell resistance to apoptosis induced by oxidative stress.…”

Section: Possible Anti-aging Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Articular Cartilage Aging-Potential Regenerative Capacities of Cell Manipulation and Stem Cell Therapy

Krajewska–Włodarczyk

Owczarczyk‐Saczonek

Placek

et al. 2018

IJMS

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Changes in articular cartilage during the aging process are a stage of natural changes in the human body. Old age is the major risk factor for osteoarthritis but the disease does not have to be an inevitable consequence of aging. Chondrocytes are particularly prone to developing age-related changes. Changes in articular cartilage that take place in the course of aging include the acquisition of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype by chondrocytes, a decrease in the sensitivity of chondrocytes to growth factors, a destructive effect of chronic production of reactive oxygen species and the accumulation of the glycation end products. All of these factors affect the mechanical properties of articular cartilage. A better understanding of the underlying mechanisms in the process of articular cartilage aging may help to create new therapies aimed at slowing or inhibiting age-related modifications of articular cartilage. This paper presents the causes and consequences of cellular aging of chondrocytes and the biological therapeutic outlook for the regeneration of age-related changes of articular cartilage.

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Section: Possible Anti-aging Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Articular Cartilage Aging-Potential Regenerative Capacities of Cell Manipulation and Stem Cell Therapy

Krajewska–Włodarczyk

Owczarczyk‐Saczonek

Placek

et al. 2018

IJMS

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“…3 ). These components have previously been demonstrated to exist in Suoyang [ 3 , 4 ]. Among them, gallic acid [ 16 , 17 ], protocatechuic acid [ 18 ], catechin [ 16 , 19 , 20 ], isoquercitrin [ 21 ], and naringenin [ 22 ] were mentioned in our previous studies, and phlorizin was recently observed to have proliferative potential of epidermal stem cells [ 23 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Phytochemical studies have indicated that there are various chemical components in C . songaricum, including organic acids, flavonoids, triterpenoids, steroids, volatile oils, saccharides, glucosides, tannins, lignans, alkaloids, amino acids, and mineral salts [ 3 , 4 ]. Among them, flavonoids, glucosides, tannins, and lignans can act as phenolic antioxidants because of the presence of phenolic –OH in their molecules.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two phenolic antioxidants in Suoyang enhance viability of •OH-damaged mesenchymal stem cells: comparison and mechanistic chemistry

Xie

et al. 2017

Chemistry Central Journal

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Background Suoyang originates from a psammophyte named Cynomorium songaricum Rupr and has been known as a phenolic-antioxidant-enriched traditional Chinese herbal medicine. The present study attempted to investigate the protective effect of phenolic antioxidants in Suoyang towards •OH-mediated MSCs and then further discusses the chemical mechanisms.MethodsThe lyophilized aqueous extract of Suoyang (LAS) was prepared and characterized using HPLC. Then, two phenolic antioxidant references, epicatechin and luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucoside, along with LAS, were investigated for their effects on the viability of •OH-treated MSCs using the 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl (MTT) assay. The comparison and mechanistic chemistry of epicatechin and luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucoside were further explored using various antioxidant assays, including PTIO•-scavenging, FRAP (ferric ion reducing antioxidant power), ABTS+•-scavenging, and DPPH•-scavenging. Their Fe2+-binding capacities were also compared using ultraviolet (UV) spectra.ResultsThe HPLC analysis indicated that there are 8 phenolic antioxidants in LAS, including epicatechin, luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucoside, gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, catechin, isoquercitrin, phlorizin, and naringenin. The MTT assay revealed that epicatechin could more effectively increase the survival of •OH-treated MSCs than luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucoside. Similarly, epicatechin exhibited higher antioxidant abilities than luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucoside in the DPPH•-scavenging, ABTS+•-scavenging, FRAP, and PTIO•-scavenging assays. In the Fe2+-binding assay, luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucoside gave a stronger UV peak at 600 nm, with ε = 2.62 × 106 M−1 cm−1, while epicatechin produced two peaks at 450 nm (ε = 8.47 × 105 M−1 cm−1) and 750 nm (ε = 9.68 × 105 M−1 cm−1).ConclusionAs two reference antioxidants in Suoyang, epicatechin and luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucoside can enhance the viability of •OH-damaged MSCs. Such a beneficial effect may be from their antioxidant effects, including direct-antioxidant and indirect-antioxidant (i.e., Fe2+-binding) processes. In the direct-antioxidant process, proton (H+), one electron (e), or even hydrogen-atom (•H) transfer may occur to fulfill radical-scavenging (especially •OH-scavenging); in this aspect, epicatechin is superior to luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucoside due to the presence of more phenolic –OHs. The additional –OHs can also be responsible for the better cytoprotective effect. In terms of indirect-antioxidant potential, however, epicatechin is inferior to luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucoside due to the absence of a hydroxyl-keto moiety. These findings will provide new information about medicinal psammophytes for MSC transplantation.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13065-017-0313-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…(Cui et al, 2019). In the seven main production areas of China, differences in the chemical composition of bioactive compounds were found and the study revealed that one of the possible factors that may influence the composition of plant secondary metabolites is endophytic fungi (Cui et al, 2019).BioactivityThe bioactive substances of Cynomorium plants have a number of effects on the body(Meng et al, 2013). Recent studies confirm some empirically acquired knowledge of the use of plants in the past.…”

mentioning

confidence: 93%

Cynomorium Plants: Bioactive Compounds And pharmacologic Actions

Patočka¹,

Navrátilová²

2020

MMSL

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Cynomorium coccineum and Cynomorium songaricum are unusual parasitic plants in the family Cynomoriaceae characterized by their unusual appearance and way of life. Due to their special habit and extremely rare occurrence, in the past, various magical properties have been attributed to these plants. The plant Cynomorium coccineum, which is found in the Mediterranean, has been used in Europe since the Middle Ages in folk medicine under the name fungus maletensis (maltese fungus). It was used for the same purpose in Arabic cultures under the name tarthuth. The Asian species (Cynomorium songaricum), sometimes considered a subspecies of C. coccineum, is still used in traditional Chinese medicine under the name Suo Yang. Recent studies show that the plant has a number of beneficial effects on the body and there is a real possibility that the substances present in Suo Yang or substances derived therefrom will be used in the future for therapeutic purposes. Of particular interest are their effects on sexual function. Preclinical experiments in male rats showed an increase in fertility after administration of Cynomorium extract. In these tests, an increase in the weight of the testes and an increase in the number of spermatozoa and their viability were observed. Cynomorium plants offer a new approach to the treatment of human infertility, which is currently a major problem.

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Chemical constituents and pharmacologic actions of Cynomorium plants

Cited by 21 publications

References 27 publications

Articular Cartilage Aging-Potential Regenerative Capacities of Cell Manipulation and Stem Cell Therapy

Articular Cartilage Aging-Potential Regenerative Capacities of Cell Manipulation and Stem Cell Therapy

Two phenolic antioxidants in Suoyang enhance viability of •OH-damaged mesenchymal stem cells: comparison and mechanistic chemistry

Cynomorium Plants: Bioactive Compounds And pharmacologic Actions

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