Chemical Diversity as a Function of Temperature in Six Northern Diatom Species

Huseby, Siv; Degerlund, Maria; Eriksen, Gunilla Kristina; Ingebrigtsen, Richard Andre; Eilertsen, Hans Christian; Hansen, Espen

doi:10.3390/md11114232

Cited by 22 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Strain M21 seemed especially interesting and promising, as it had a high growth rate of 0.7 d − 1 at low temperatures (10 °C) and a high EPA content relative to biomass DW, which increased in stationary phase to 4.6%. Similar, but slightly lower growth rates (0.6 d − 1 ) at 8.5 °C have been reported for another Attheya species, A. longicornis , isolated from northern Norwegian coastal waters [49] . Additional investigations might reveal if it is possible to increase the EPA levels further, suggesting sampling later in the stationary phase and varying growth conditions.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Bioprospecting North Atlantic microalgae with fast growth and high polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) content for microalgae-based technologies

et al. 2017

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Microalgae are considered to be an important and sustainable alternative to fish oil as a source for the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Due to their health benefits, there is an increasing interest in the commercial application of these fatty acids (FA) to health and dietary products, and to aquaculture feeds. However, FA from microalgae are still expensive to produce compared to fish or plant oils. With only a few microalgal strains being cultivated on a large scale for commercial PUFA production, prospecting for new, robust and fast-growing strains with increased PUFA content is essential in order to reduce production costs. Microalgae from northern high latitudes, exposed to cold temperatures, may be especially promising candidates as previous studies have shown increasing unsaturation of FA in response to decreasing growth temperatures in different microalgae, most likely to maintain membrane fluidity and function. We have designed a screening pipeline, targeting a focused search and selection for marine microalgal strains from extreme North Atlantic locations with high robustness and biomass production, and increased levels of EPA and DHA. The pipeline includes a rational sampling plan, isolation and cultivation of clonal strains, followed by a batch growth experiment designed to obtain information on robustness, growth characteristics, and the FA content of selected isolates during both nutrient replete exponential cultivation and nutrient limited stationary cultivation. A number of clonal cultures (N = 149) have been established, and twenty of these strains have been screened for growth and FA content and composition. Among those strains, three showed growth rates ≥ 0.7 d− 1 at temperatures of 15 °C or below, and high amounts of EPA (> 3% DW), suggesting their potential as candidates for large scale production.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Bioprospecting North Atlantic microalgae with fast growth and high polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) content for microalgae-based technologies

et al. 2017

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“…This strategy, termed OSMAC (One strain–many compounds), has successfully been applied for drug discovery in bacteria 47 and could also work in microalgae. The production of primary and secondary metabolites in microalgae can vary depending on several factors 48 , such as growth phases 49 , strains 50 , light 51 , temperature 52 , culturing media 53 , grazing pressure 54 and extraction method 55 . This metabolic plasticity positively influences bioactivities and hopefully leads to the discovery of novel bioactive compounds for the treatment of human diseases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First identification of marine diatoms with anti-tuberculosis activity

Lauritano

Martín

Cruz

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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Marine microalgae are considered a potentially new and valuable source of biologically active compounds for applications in several biotechnology sectors. They can be easily cultured, have short generation times and enable an environmentally-friendly approach to drug discovery by overcoming problems associated with the over-utilization of marine resources and the use of destructive collection practices. Considering the increasing rate of antibiotic-resistance bacteria and infections by fungi, 46 microalgae have been screened in this study for possible antibacterial and antifungal activities. Two different extraction methods have been used in order to increase the probability of finding positive hits. In particular, we screened microalgae in both control and nutrient stress conditions. We also tested different strains for 7 species in order to study potentially different bioactivities due to strain diversity. Results showed that extracts of two diatoms, Skeletonema costatum and Chaetoceros pseudocurvisetus, had anti-tuberculosis activity and were active only when cultured in the control and phosphate-starvation conditions, while the nitrogen starvation condition showed no activity. In addition, we tested both the organic and water extracts and found that only the organic extracts for both diatoms were active. The organic extracts of these two diatom species were not toxic on normal human cell lines.

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“…temperature and light 3 . Other authors have also reported changes in bioactivity due to variation in environmental conditions like temperature 86 and light 87 . Biologically, the content of our samples and the chlorophyll measurements indicated differences in spring - bloom stage, with the Finnmark coast probably being in a post bloom stage, the Hopen area in a late bloom stage while we faced a vigorous ice-edge bloom in the Svalbard North West area (See Supplementary Figure S3 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Field sampling marine plankton for biodiscovery

Ingebrigtsen

Hansen

Andersen

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Microalgae and plankton can be a rich source of bioactivity. However, induction of secondary metabolite production in lab conditions can be difficult. One simple way of bypassing this issue is to collect biomass in the field and screen for bioactivity. Therefore, bulk net samples from three areas along the coast of northern Norway and Spitsbergen were collected, extracted and fractionated. Biomass samples from a strain of a mass-cultivated diatom Porosira glacialis were used as a reference for comparison to field samples. Screening for bioactivity was performed with 13 assays within four therapeutic areas: antibacterial, anticancer, antidiabetes and antioxidation. We analysed the metabolic profiles of the samples using high resolution - mass spectroscopy (HR-MS). Principal component analysis showed a marked difference in metabolite profiles between the field samples and the photobioreactor culture; furthermore, the number of active fractions and extent of bioactivity was different in the field compared to the photobioreactor samples. We found varying levels of bioactivity in all samples, indicating that complex marine field samples could be used to investigate bioactivities from otherwise inaccessible sources. Furthermore, we hypothesize that metabolic pathways that would otherwise been silent under controlled growth in monocultures, might have been activated in the field samples.

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Chemical Diversity as a Function of Temperature in Six Northern Diatom Species

Cited by 22 publications

References 34 publications

Bioprospecting North Atlantic microalgae with fast growth and high polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) content for microalgae-based technologies

Bioprospecting North Atlantic microalgae with fast growth and high polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) content for microalgae-based technologies

First identification of marine diatoms with anti-tuberculosis activity

Field sampling marine plankton for biodiscovery

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