Chemical Effect on Wellbore Instability of Nahr Umr Shale

Yu, Bo; Yan, Cheng; Nie, Zhen

doi:10.1155/2013/931034

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…They also did a case study on Nahr Umr Shale in Halfaya Oilfield, Iraq, and concluded that augmentation of mud's ionic concentration and enhancement of its sealing capacity are important to maintain wellbore stability. The reason behind increasing the ionic concentration is that it prevents the flow of the mud's free water into the formation as it can hydrate the shale leading to wellbore collapse [15,16]. indicated that the extraction of water out of shale through chemical osmosis would enhance the compressive strength of shale if the water activity was marginally higher than the test solution.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliability of chemical osmosis as a practical method to extract water out of shale and promote shale’s mechanical stability

2023

JOGRR

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Wellbore instability in shale formations is one of the most bothersome problems leading to significant changes in shale’s petrophysical, mechanical, and chemical properties, and could cost billions of dollars annually. Drilling fluid’s ionic composition is one of the factors affecting wellbore stability. This paper investigates the impact of chemical osmosis, ionic diffusion, and diffusion osmosis on the stability of shale, identify the critical salt concentration, and examine the impact of ionic type and concentration on shale stability. Experimental methods include utilization of shale I and II through linear expansion and gravimetric measurement tests using different salts. Results show that the critical salt concentration in shale I and II is 8 w/w%. Chemical osmosis is found to be a reliable method for water extraction out of shale if critical concentration value is not surpassed. Beyond this value, the ionic diffusion and diffusion osmosis in shale I and II were adversely affecting shale’s mechanical and chemical stability. The swelling and gravimetric ions and water uptake tests showed that shale is a leaky semi-permeable membrane, and that chemical osmosis could be jeopardized by ionic transport into shale. However, the water transport impact on changes in the thickness of diffuse double layer of clay needs to be investigated. The impact of temperature on water and ions transportation into shale needs to be examined to reflect in-situ conditions. In this study, the cation type that makes up the salt was varied while the anion type was fixed. Since both cations and anions tend to diffuse into shale in the presence of a concentration gradient, it is recommended to vary the anion type to study the combined impact of cation and anion type on shale stability.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliability of chemical osmosis as a practical method to extract water out of shale and promote shale’s mechanical stability

2023

JOGRR

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“…The Halfaya Oilfield is situated in the southern part of Iraq, specifically in the Maysan governorate, which is 35 km southeast of Amarah City [26,27]. The oilfield is one of the biggest in Iraq and is operated by PetroChina.…”

Section:  Area Of the Case Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Gas Lifting Design in Mishrif Formation of Halfaya Oil Field

Ahmed,

Sadeq,

Ben Mahmud

2023

IJCPE

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The optimization of artificial gas lift techniques plays a crucial role in the advancement of oil field development. This study focuses on investigating the impact of gas lift design and optimization on production outcomes within the Mishrif formation of the Halfaya oil field. A comprehensive production network nodal analysis model was formulated using a PIPESIM Optimizer-based Genetic Algorithm and meticulously calibrated utilizing field-collected data from a network comprising seven wells. This well group encompasses three directional wells currently employing gas lift and four naturally producing vertical wells. To augment productivity and optimize network performance, a novel gas lift design strategy was proposed. The optimization of gas allocation was executed to maximize oil production rates while minimizing the injected gas volume, thus achieving optimal oil production levels at the most effective gas injection volume for the designated network. The utilization of the PIPESIM Optimizer, founded on genetic algorithm principles, facilitated the attainment of these optimal parameters. The culmination of this study yielded an optimal oil production rate of 18,814 STB/d, accompanied by a gas lift injection rate of 7.56 MMscf/d. This research underscores the significance of strategic gas lift design and optimization in enhancing oil recovery and operational efficiency in complex reservoir systems like the Mishrif formation within the Halfaya oil field.

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“…Generally, emulsion-based muds display high wellbore stabilizing capability, which is particularly important for shale formations, high lubricity, low torque and drag and contamination tolerance (Haimson et al 2002;Yu et al 2013). The advantages of (O/W) emulsion-based muds over water-based muds are excellent rheological and filtration properties, thermal stability as well as high tolerance to solids, salts and acid-gas contamination (Aloh et al 2014; Edited by Yan-Hua Sun Jha et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel oil-in-water drilling mud formulated with extracts from Indian mango seed oil

Kumar¹,

Thakur²,

Kumar³

et al. 2019

Pet. Sci.

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Drilling muds with less environmental impact are highly desired over conventional diesel-based mud systems, especially in light of the emerging strict environmental laws. In this article, a novel oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion drilling fluid formulated with a methyl ester extracted from Indian mango seed oil was evaluated. The effect of the weight percent of different constituents of the emulsion/suspension including the oil phase, bentonite, and polyanionic cellulose polymer on the rheology and the fluid loss was examined. The methyl ester oil phase/mud system displayed superior physical, chemical, rheological and filtration properties relative to the diesel and the mango seed oil. Eco-toxicity of the methyl ester and diesel (O/W) emulsion mud systems was assessed using the acute lethal concentration test. The Indian mango methyl ester (O/W) emulsion mud displayed much less impact on fish population. Flow characteristics collected from the flow model at 85 °C suggested excellent shear thinning behavior of the Indian mango methyl ester (IMME) (O/W) emulsion mud. Moreover, the IMME (O/W) emulsion displayed strong pseudoplastic behavior, an attractive feature in a drilling mud, with increasing clay content and polymer concentration. The methyl ester mud was thermally stable over a wide range of the constituent concentrations. Furthermore, a particle size analysis revealed that engineered drilling muds targeting suspension of particles with certain size range can be formulated by changing the volume fraction of the methyl ester in the mud system.

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Chemical Effect on Wellbore Instability of Nahr Umr Shale

Cited by 10 publications

References 17 publications

Reliability of chemical osmosis as a practical method to extract water out of shale and promote shale’s mechanical stability

Reliability of chemical osmosis as a practical method to extract water out of shale and promote shale’s mechanical stability

Optimization of Gas Lifting Design in Mishrif Formation of Halfaya Oil Field

A novel oil-in-water drilling mud formulated with extracts from Indian mango seed oil

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