Chemical effects in Auger electron spectra of aluminium

Timmermans, Bert; Vaeck, Nathalie; Hubin, Annick; Reniers, François

doi:10.1002/sia.1316

Cited by 20 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Additionally, the formation of Al 2 O 3 arises for Al containing alloys. The Al 2p state in figure 5 shows the peak shift due to oxide and nitride formation at 75.2 eV and 73.9 eV binding energy (literature 75.7 eV and 74.2 eV (Al 72.8 eV) [24]). The C 1s state shown in figure 6 was measured to study contamination effects.…”

Section: Coating Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnesium nitride phase formation by means of ion beam implantation technique

Höche

Blawert

Cavellier

et al. 2011

Applied Surface Science

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Section: Coating Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnesium nitride phase formation by means of ion beam implantation technique

Höche

Blawert

Cavellier

et al. 2011

Applied Surface Science

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“…The spectra are shown in Figure a–c. Each of the spectra shows the Al KLL Auger transition with peaks for aluminium oxide and aluminium metal at 1386.5 and 1393.0 eV, respectively . The broad Al LMM transitions are also observed at ∼68 eV for all of the intermetallics.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

The localised corrosion associated with individual second phase particles in AA7075‐T6: A study by SEM, EDX, AES, SKPFM and FIB‐SEM

Mallinson

Yates

Baker

et al. 2017

Materials & Corrosion

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To investigate the role of intermetallic particles in the localised corrosion of AA7075‐T6, three particles were monitored over 16 h immersion in 3.5 wt% KCl solution. These were examined using Auger electron spectroscopy, energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, scanning Kelvin probe force microscopy and focused ion beam‐scanning electron microscopy. Despite similar Volta potential measurements, the corrosion microchemistry varied significantly with composition. A Al7Cu2Fe intermetallic resulted in trenching while a (Al,Cu)6(Fe,Cu) intermetallic showed crevice corrosion and sub‐surface intergranular corrosion and a Al12Fe3Si intermetallic appeared to be galvanically inactive but showed crevice formation at the matrix interface and sub‐surface intergranular corrosion.

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“…The study of the chemical effects in the Auger spectrum of aluminium compounds based on a new theoretical approach is the subject of another paper. 9 The shape of the low-energy Al LVV peak in metallic Al and in alumina is indeed strongly different and, because of the low kinetic energy and high Auger sensitivity coefficient, this peak is very sensitive to any surface oxidation.…”

Section: Transfer-induced Oxidation Of a Sample Surfacementioning

confidence: 99%

UHV–liquid cell transfer system for Auger electron spectroscopy on electrodes

Reniers

Rooryck

Pace

et al. 2002

Surface & Interface Analysis

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Many chemical reactions take place at the liquid/solid interface that are responsible for dramatic environmental, industrial and economic problems. For a long time, these reactions have been studied by conventional electrochemical techniques and the influence of most of the macroscopic parameters involved in the reaction (solution pH and composition, redox potential, etc.) are known for many systems. The resulting oxidized surface is often analysed by XPS and AES, but the measurements are performed after air exposure and thus after surface contamination or post-oxidation. Most of the time, no direct information on the surface composition at the liquid/solid interface is available because of the lack of in situ available techniques for chemical analysis.In order to combine the intrinsic advantage of electrochemical techniques (superior for the study of the redox reactions in solution) and the power of surface analysis techniques such as XPS and AES used under ultrahigh vacuum (UHV), we have designed, built and validated an original versatile UHV-electrochemical cell transfer system. This system allows the preparation of a clean electrode surface under UHV and its characterization by low-energy electron diffraction and AES before its transfer to an electrochemical cell under a controlled atmosphere (no oxygen, no contamination). The study of model electrochemical reactions can take place and is followed by transfer of the electrode back to the UHV chamber for surface analysis by AES, without exposure to air. The transfer procedure takes 4 min.Model systems were used to validate the system:(1) Bromide ions were electrochemically adsorbed on gold at various electrode potentials, inducing different surface compositions. Evolution of the Br content on the surface as a function of the electrode potential, estimated after transfer by AES, is in good agreement with the Br surface excess extracted from the electrochemical data, indicating that the transfer process induces no significant alteration of the surface, despite the weak bonding of bromide on gold and the brutal transfer from liquid to UHV. Results were compared with the literature. (2) Aluminium was taken as a standard to study the residual oxidation due to the composition of the atmosphere during the transfer process. The residual contamination (carbon) induced by the transfer process was also analysed. Carbon-free transfer procedures were established.In conclusion, such a transfer system combines the unique advantages of electrochemical methods to study corrosion processes with the power of a UHV technique such as AES.

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Chemical effects in Auger electron spectra of aluminium

Cited by 20 publications

References 10 publications

Magnesium nitride phase formation by means of ion beam implantation technique

Magnesium nitride phase formation by means of ion beam implantation technique

The localised corrosion associated with individual second phase particles in AA7075‐T6: A study by SEM, EDX, AES, SKPFM and FIB‐SEM

UHV–liquid cell transfer system for Auger electron spectroscopy on electrodes

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