Chemical effects of high‐resolution YbLγ₄ emission spectra: a possible probe for chemical analysis

Abstract

Ga 9 with a resolution of~0.9 eV. Peak splitting of the YbLg 4 line was observed in all the recorded spectra and was attributed to the two components originating from the LS coupling of the Yb5p hole, the 0 spectra of the mixed valence intermetallics, i.e. YbNi 3 Ga 9 (v = 2.59) and b-YbAlB 4 (v = 2.75), were fairly well reproduced by averaging the spectra of divalent Yb and trivalent YbNi 3 Al 9 , which suggests the possibility of using the YbLg 4 emission for determining the valence of Yb intermetallics. In trivalent Yb compounds, the relative intensity of Lg 4 compared with that of Lg 4 0 , as well as the appearance of a high-energy satellite, was found to be influenced by the ligands around the Yb ions. With the aid of preliminary atomic multiplet and band structure calculations, the differences in the valence band structure and resultant screening effects on the O II,III À1 states were determined to be the possible causes for the observed ligand dependence.

A study of the influence of chemical environment on the Li (i = 1–3) subshell X‐ray intensity ratios and the L3 absorption‐edge energy for some compounds of 66Dy using synchrotron radiation

“…The strong influence of many‐body effects on the Lγ 2,3 X ‐ray emission in 56 Ba and 57 La, respectively, has been demonstrated by Ohno and La Villa and Anagnostopoulos et al, using the high‐resolution measurements employing a crystal spectrometer. Hayashi et al have reported the influence of the chemical effects and the many‐body effects on the Lγ 4 X ‐rays of 70 Yb. Accordingly, the present observed deviations between measured and theoretical I Lk / I Lα ( k = γ 2,3 and γ 4 ) ratios may be due to the combined influence of the many‐body effects and the chemical effects.…”

“…The chemical effects manifest as shifts in the atomic‐shell binding energies (referred to as chemical shift), which, in turn, leads to corresponding shifts in the X ‐ray emission energies and hence may change the corresponding transition probabilities. These chemical effects can be investigated by measuring the X ‐ray intensity ratios from different compounds of a given element employing EDXRF/WDXRF techniques or by measuring the absorption‐edge energy shifts employing XANES/EXAFS techniques or by measuring the shifts in different characteristic X ‐ray peak positions employing WDXRF technique.…”

“…On the other hand, Kumar et al reported that only the I Lγ4 /I Lα , intensity ratios for 66 Dy and the I Lβ5,7 /I Lα ratios for 80 Hg exhibited dependence on the chemical environment. Hayashi et al reported influence of the chemical effects by measuring energy shifts in the synchrotron radiation‐induced Lγ 4 X ‐ray line in different compounds of some rare‐earth elements investigated using the crystal spectrometer. Recently, Kainth et al also reported the chemical shifts in the different L i ( i = 1–3) subshell X ‐ray lines of 47 Ag, 48 Cd, and 50 Sn measured using the crystal spectrometer.…”

Study of chemical shift in Ll and Lƞ X‐ray emission lines in different chemical forms of 48Cd and 50Sn compounds using WDXRF technique

“…Luka Mandic reported the chemical effects on the Kβ″ and Kβ 2,5 X‐ray lines of Ti, TiO, Ti 2 O 3 , TiO 2 , MgTiO 3 , FeTiO 3 , TiC, TiN, and TiB 2 compounds using a wavelength dispersive spectrometer having LiF (110) crystal combined with position‐sensitive detector. Konishi et al developed a new type of gearless two‐crystal X‐ray spectrometer, equipped with two Bragg diffraction crystals controlled by a servomotor with an encoder feedback system and a rotating anode X‐ray tube for chemical state analysis of different compounds. Kawai et al studied the charge transfer effect on line‐width of Fe Kα X‐ray fluorescence spectra with gearless double‐crystal [Si(220) + Si(220)] X‐ray spectrometer equipped with tungsten (W) X‐ray tube operated at 40 kV, 50 mA.…”

“…In recent years, chemical state analysis has become more interesting topic for many researchers working in the spectroscopy field. The chemical effects can be studied by measuring either the shift in energies of characteristic X‐ray photons, relative intensities of X‐ray photons, or the formation of satellite lines . X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), energy dispersive X‐ray fluorescence (EDXRF) spectrometers, photoemission spectroscopy (PES), X‐ray absorption near‐edge structures (XANES), and resonant Inelastic X‐ray scattering (RIXS) are the most common employed methods used to identify the chemical state analysis in different compounds.…”