Chemical Elucidation, Microbial Growth and Free Radical Inhibitory Effects of Dennettia tripetala Fruit: In vitro and In vivo Model Experiments

Abstract

Natural products are being exploited in the treatment of diverse ailments stemming from microbial and free radical incursion in the African native societies. The current study was designed to elucidate the bioactive constituents, microbial growth and free radical inhibitory effects of Dennettia tripetalafruit, employing in vitro and in vivo models. Briefly, phytochemical analysis was qualitatively investigated. The free radical scavenging assays using 2,2-diphenyl-1- picrylhdrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2’-azino-bis (3-ethylenzoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical solutions using vitamin C as reference antioxidant. Antibacterial activity was carried out using agar diffusion well. Bioactive elucidation was conducted using Gas chromatography Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS). Liver protective effect of the extract was investigated on rats’ model. Phytochemical analysis of the crude extracts (hexane and ethanol) revealed saponins, tannin, flavonoid, steroids, phenols and terpenoids. GC-MS analysis revealed various bioactive compounds. DPPH inhibitory effect of the hexane and ethanol extracts, displayed IC50 values, 3.86 and 4.01 µg/mL against a corresponding vitamin C (IC50 value, 0.007 µg/mL). Both extracts solution scavenged ABTS radical (IC50 values, 4.53 and 4.79 µg/mL) against vitamin C (IC50 values, 0.005 µg/mL). The extracts demonstrated promising antibacterial activities against eight selected multidrug-resistant strains, comprising Gram positive and negative strains. The crude extract protects liver induced carbontetrachloride toxic onslaught through significant (p <0.05) increased in the catalase, superoxide dismutase activities, reduced glutathione and depleted malonedialdehyde levels in the rats’ liver co-treatment groups. Overall, the findings suggest D. tripetela’s leaf extract a promising antidote for the treatment of free radical and microbial , infectious diseases.