Chemical embryology

Needham, Joseph

doi:10.5962/bhl.title.7218

Cited by 501 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Now it is generally assumed that for most organisms that reproduce with yolky eggs, *60% of the initial egg mass (assumed mostly lipid) is used to produce organic tissues (assumed mostly protein) and *40% is used to provide energy for anabolic growth (Needham 1931;Calow 1977). If a fraction, f, of the lipid is converted to protein, then the change of mass (Dm) is:…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic and behavioural adaptations during early development of the Antarctic silverfish, Pleuragramma antarcticum

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Antarctic silverfish Pleuragramma antarcticum is a keystone species in the Ross Sea ecosystem, providing one of the major links between lower and higher trophic levels. Despite the importance of this species, surprisingly little is known of its early development and behaviour. Here, we determine the metabolic capacity of Pleuragramma embryonated eggs and larvae and make comparisons with developing stages of another notothenioid, the naked dragonfish Gymnodraco acuticeps. We also show that although large numbers of embryonated eggs of Pleuragramma are found floating among the platelet ice of Terra Nova Bay, they are able to sink prior to hatching in late spring, likely reducing the risk of exposure to the potentially lethal, ice-laden surface environment. Applying Stoke's law, we determine the change in density required for embryonated eggs to sink at the measured rate and then consider possible mechanisms by which this might occur. Significantly, newly hatched larvae are positively gravitactic and negatively phototactic, such that their swimming behaviour also directs them away from the risk of freezing in the icy surface waters. Measurement of the acute thermal tolerance shows that Pleuragramma larvae have, on average, a sustainable swimming performance breadth of about 17°C, which is significantly greater than that of other adult notothenioids. Although it lacks significant antifreeze capacity in its early developmental stages, Pleuragramma has other attributes that may ensure survival over a wider range of environmental temperatures than other more stenothermal Antarctic notothenioids. How it might adapt to prolonged environmental change arising from phenomena such as global warming, however, requires further investigation.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic and behavioural adaptations during early development of the Antarctic silverfish, Pleuragramma antarcticum

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Thus, in "the century of the woman", Buffon, who supported the idea of equality of the both sexes, reported the discovery of female spermatozoa (cf. Needham, 1963Needham, [1931Needham, 1959Needham, [1934Gasking, 1967, 89-90), while the discovery of the parthenogenesis of aphids did not make van Leeuwenhoek abandon animalculism (cf. Fry, 2000, 28-29;Schierbeek, 1957, 83-91, 96-97;see also Pinto-Correia, 1997, 103-104).…”

Section: The Debate With Fleckmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…16 A methodological application of the maxim corruptio unius, generatio alteris is exemplified by the dispute between Caspar Wolff and Albrecht von Haller, the epigone of preformationism (cf. Needham, 1963Needham, [1931Needham, 1959Needham, [1934Gasking, 1967, 101-104, 107-115;Roe, 1981). 17 In his book, Bilikiewicz applies the adjective "revolutionary" in a scientific context twice.…”

Section: The Debate With Fleckmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tadeusz Bilikiewicz’s Background in the Debate with Ludwik Fleck

Koterski¹

2016

Transversal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:One of the factors that adversely influenced the worldwide reception of Fleck was the rather narrow critical interest that his ideas had aroused in Poland. Apart from a few reviews of his book (1935), only two polemics were published before WWII, and these likewise fell into oblivion. The philosophical views of one of those polemists, Tadeusz Bilikiewicz, shared the same fate. Since an acquaintance with Bilikiewicz's background would seem to be a necessary condition for a (full) understanding of his controversy with Fleck, the aim of this paper is to sketch his views on the history and sociology of science, and to clarify certain errors regarding the facts of his life.

show abstract

“…Both urea and uric acid are waste-products produced during the metabolism of the developing chick embryo, are excreted into the allantois (16), and accumulate in large amounts as embryo growth takes place. High concentrations or urea cause irreversible inactivation of several viruses by disruption of hydrogen bonds (17), and both unenveloped, and lipidcontaining, enveloped viruses are readily inactivated by urea (18,19).…”

Section: Logs R E S P E C T I V E L Y a F T E R 4 Hours T H E E I mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of urea and uric acid on influenza virus type C

Prasad

Czekalowski

Jennings

1984

Archives of Virology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The replication of influenza type C/1233 virus following inoculation into the amniotic sac of embryonated hen's eggs is significantly greater than that seen in the allantoic cavity. However, optimal growth condition for amniotically propagated C/1233 occur in the allantois of 8-day old embryos incubated post-inoculation at 32 degrees C. Differences in pH levels between the amniotic and allantoic cavities did not account for the variable growth ability of C/1233 virus, but in both in vitro and in ovo studies, levels of urea and uric acid, or urea-uric acid mixtures caused significant reductions in virus yield.

show abstract

Chemical embryology

Cited by 501 publications

References 0 publications

Metabolic and behavioural adaptations during early development of the Antarctic silverfish, Pleuragramma antarcticum

Metabolic and behavioural adaptations during early development of the Antarctic silverfish, Pleuragramma antarcticum

Tadeusz Bilikiewicz’s Background in the Debate with Ludwik Fleck

Effect of urea and uric acid on influenza virus type C

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About