Chemical Fertilizers and Their Impact on Soil Health

Pahalvi, Heena Nisar; Rafiya, Lone; Rashid, Sumaira; Nisar, Bisma; Kamili, Azra N.

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-61010-4_1

Cited by 249 publications

(164 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…This is consistent with the study of Sun et al [61], who mentioned that the long-term use of chemical fertilizers could significantly reduce the soil pH, resulting in decreased bacterial diversity in the soil. Moreover, the transformation of nitrogen fertilizer into different forms influences soil acidification, which depends on the type of nitrogen, the soil buffering capacity, and the net balance of proton-generating and consuming processes [62]. On the other hand, applying organic fertilizer or organic materials can alleviate these negative effects in the long term [63].…”

Section: Input Inventory Analysis and Soil Physical And Chemical Prop...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon, Nitrogen and Water Footprints of Organic Rice and Conventional Rice Production over 4 Years of Cultivation: A Case Study in the Lower North of Thailand

Arunrat

Sereenonchai

Chaowiwat³

et al. 2022

Agronomy

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An integrated method is required for comprehensive assessment of the environmental impacts and economic benefits of rice production systems. Therefore, the objective of this study was to apply different footprinting approaches (carbon footprint (CF), nitrogen footprint (NF), water footprint (WF)) and determine the economic return on organic farming (OF) and conventional rice farming (CVF) at the farm scale. Over the 4-year study period (2018–2021), the results showed lower net greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in OF (3289.1 kg CO2eq ha−1 year−1) than in CVF (4921.7 kg CO2eq ha−1 year−1), indicating that the use of OF can mitigate the GHG emissions from soil carbon sequestration. However, there was a higher CF intensity in OF (1.17 kg CO2eq kg−1 rice yield) than in CVF (0.93 kg CO2eq kg−1 rice yield) due to the lower yield. The NF intensities of OF and CVF were 0.34 and 11.94 kg Neq kg−1 rice yield, respectively. The total WF of CVF (1470.1 m3 ton−1) was higher than that in OF (1216.3 m3 ton−1). The gray water in CVF was significantly higher than that in OF due to the use of chemical fertilizers, herbicides, and pesticides. Although the rice yield in OF was nearly two times lower than that in CVF, the economic return was higher due to lower production costs and higher rice prices. However, more field studies and long-term monitoring are needed for future research.

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Section: Input Inventory Analysis and Soil Physical And Chemical Prop...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon, Nitrogen and Water Footprints of Organic Rice and Conventional Rice Production over 4 Years of Cultivation: A Case Study in the Lower North of Thailand

Arunrat

Sereenonchai

Chaowiwat³

et al. 2022

Agronomy

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“…Due to continuous cropping over a long time and excessive application of chemical fertilizers, soil fertility reduces gradually because of erosion and instability of organic matter. This affects the soil and consequently plant quality which in turn brought about lower yield of agricultural crops globally 3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of rice-husk biochar on soil microbial biomass and agronomic performances of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

Adebajo

Oluwatobi

Akintokun

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Tomato is beneficial to human health because it contains valuable vitamins such as vitamins A, C and several minerals. However, to meet up with the demands of the ever increasing population, there is need to improve tomato production. This research, thus, investigated the impact of rice-husk biochar on the agronomic performances of tomato plant and microbial biomass of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in different tomato growth stages. The rice husk biochar pyrolyzed at 350 °C was amended with soil at four different application rates: 0, 2.5, 5.0 and 7.5 t/ha. Physicochemical property of soil was conducted using Mid Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy method. Impact of biochar on Microbial Biomass Carbon, Microbial Biomass Nitrogen and Microbial Biomass Phosphorous was conducted using fumigation extraction method and monitored at three functional stages. Biochar application appreciably increase the soil physicochemical properties such as pH, Ca, Na, H+, S, P, B, C, Zn and cation exchangeable capacity in comparison with the control. Biochar amended soil significantly enhanced tomato height, stem girth, leaf area, flowers, fruit yields and weight. Although, B3 recorded the lowest leaf area, it possessed the highest number of fruits and fruit weight of 3 and 40%, respectively. The ratio of Microbial biomass C:N:P for biochar amended soil at 7.5 t/ha (B3) was 302.30:18.81:11.75 µg/g, compared to control, which was 242.12:18.30:11.49 µg/g. This study revealed that biochar amendments significantly (p < 0.05) increased the yields and microbial biomass of tomato plants. Conclusively, the application of rice-husk biochar (7.5 t/ha) to soil is considered as a suitable approach to improve tomato growth and yield.

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“…The addition of fertiliser to soil can greatly impact its function and properties such as organic carbon content, pH, nutrient availability, and enzyme activity, among others, leading to soil degradation. Furthermore, the intense use of chemical fertiliser is associated with functional and structural shifts in soil microbial populations [54]. In our field study, we observed only minor changes in the measured soil properties as a result of RDF application.…”

Section: Microbial Communitymentioning

confidence: 46%

Soil Microbial and Nematode Community Response to the Field Application of Recycled Bio-Based Fertilisers in Irish Grassland

et al. 2021

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Phosphorus (P) is an essential plant nutrient routinely applied to soils as an agricultural fertiliser, frequently in non-renewable, inorganic forms. Finite reserves and growing demand for agricultural phosphorus mean alternative P resources need to be explored. Recycling-derived fertilisers (RDF) recovered from specific waste streams, using nutrient recovery technologies, have the potential to replace conventional phosphorus fertilisers used in agriculture. Healthy functioning soil microbial and nematode communities are essential players in maintaining soil health and nutrient status. Thus, it is important to assess the responses of these communities to RDF application. We compared soil microbial and nematode communities of conventional fertiliser and RDF treated soil, in the form of struvite and ash, using next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies in a phosphate-fertiliser replacement value (P-FRV) field trial. Bacterial and nematode communities displayed significant changes under the different P fertilisation treatments, while fungal communities were relatively unaffected. Bacterial diversity was higher among RDF treatments than conventional treatments, while nematode diversity was reduced by one ash treatment. Available potassium and phosphate were the main drivers of bacterial community changes when analysed by canonical correspondence analysis (CCA), while available phosphate alone was the driver of nematode community shifts. Of the RDF, struvite products yielded the highest crop biomass, maintained microbial diversity and were associated with the least disturbed nematode communities.

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Chemical Fertilizers and Their Impact on Soil Health

Cited by 249 publications

References 46 publications

Carbon, Nitrogen and Water Footprints of Organic Rice and Conventional Rice Production over 4 Years of Cultivation: A Case Study in the Lower North of Thailand

Carbon, Nitrogen and Water Footprints of Organic Rice and Conventional Rice Production over 4 Years of Cultivation: A Case Study in the Lower North of Thailand

Impacts of rice-husk biochar on soil microbial biomass and agronomic performances of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

Soil Microbial and Nematode Community Response to the Field Application of Recycled Bio-Based Fertilisers in Irish Grassland

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