Chemical genoprotection: reducing biological damage to as low as reasonably achievable levels

Alcaraz, M.; Armero, D; Beneyto, Yolanda Martínez; Castillo, Julián; Benavente-García, Obdulio; Fernandez, H. Rodrigo; Alcaraz-Saura, Miguel; Canteras, Manuel

doi:10.1259/dmfr/95408354

Cited by 30 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…However, its genoprotective capacity is greater than that shown by the AMF, the only radioprotector used in radiation oncology. In this sense, when an extract of PASE is administered before exposure to IR, it is observed to have a medium radioprotective capacity similar to that of AMF; however, it is found to be superior to AMF when administered after exposure to X-rays, an observation which could be explained by the increased activity in the lipid peroxidation process [8,9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In those studies, different test substances were evaluated for radioprotection, some of which expressed higher degrees of protection against harmful damage induced by ionizing radiation when compared with reference radioprotective compounds. In order to achieve these objectives and to enable effective comparisons, the same experimental protocols used in those previous studies were adapted for this study [8,9,17,18] but used a different ionizing agent, X-rays, which also conditioned new exposure times and dose rate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our attention was drawn to P. angolensis because of the potential applications that may be derived from its suggested potent antioxidant and free radical scavenging capacities [2]. The ability of antioxidants to eliminate reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by oxidative stress during exposure to ionizing radiation (IR) is considered a protection mechanism against cellular damage induced by IR both in vitro and in vivo [7][8][9][10][11][12]. SA (Madrid, Spain).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Radioprotective and Antimutagenic Effects of Pycnanthus angolensis Warb Seed Extract against Damage Induced by X rays

Achel

Alcaraz-Saura

Castillo

et al. 2019

JCM

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Although different studies have demonstrated different applications of Pycnanthus angolensis extracts in traditional African and Asian medicine, its possible antimutagenic or genoprotective capacities have never been explored. We studied these capabilities of Pycnanthus angolensis seed extract (PASE) by means of the two micronucleus assays, determining the frequency of micronucleus (MN) yield in mouse bone marrow (in vivo) and in human lymphocytes blocked by cytochalasin B (in vitro). PASE exhibited a significant genoprotective capacity (p < 0.001) against X-rays with a protection factor of 35% in both in vivo and in vitro assays. Further, its radioprotective effects were determined by the 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) cell viability test in two cell lines: one being radiosensitive (i.e., human prostate epithelium (PNT2) cells) and the other being radioresistant (i.e., B16F10 melanoma cells). In the radiosensitive cells, PASE showed a protection factor of 35.5%, thus eliminating 43.8% of X-ray-induced cell death (p < 0.001) and a dose reduction factor of 2.5. In the radioresistant cells, a protection factor of 29% (p < 0.001) with a dose reduction factor of 4 was realized. PASE elicited a greater radioprotective capacity than the substances currently used in radiation oncology and, thus, could be developed as a nutraceutical radioprotectant for workers and patients exposed to ionizing radiation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Radioprotective and Antimutagenic Effects of Pycnanthus angolensis Warb Seed Extract against Damage Induced by X rays

Achel

Alcaraz-Saura

Castillo

et al. 2019

JCM

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“…The results showed a significant decrease in X-rayinduced chromosomal damage to levels higher than those obtained by amifostine, a well-known radioprotective compound. 39 …”

Section: Development Of Secondary Tumorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) as adjuvant in cancer therapy

et al. 2013

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s u m m a r yBackground & aims: Green tea catechins, especially epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), have been associated with cancer prevention and treatment. This has resulted in an increased number of studies evaluating the effects derived from the use of this compound in combination with chemo/radiotherapy. This review aims at compiling latest literature on this subject. Methods: Keywords including EGCG, cancer, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and side effects, were searched using PubMed and ScienceDirect databases to identify, analyze, and summarize the research literature on this topic. Most of the studies on this subject up to date are preclinical. Relevance of the findings, impact factor, and date of publication were critical parameters for the studies to be included in the review. Results: Additive and synergistic effects of EGCG when combined with conventional cancer therapies have been proposed, and its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities have been related to amelioration of cancer therapy side effects. However, antagonistic interactions with certain anticancer drugs might limit its clinical use. Conclusions: The use of EGCG could enhance the effect of conventional cancer therapies through additive or synergistic effects as well as through amelioration of deleterious side effects. Further research, especially at the clinical level, is needed to ascertain the potential role of EGCG as adjuvant in cancer therapy.

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“…Amifostine (Fig. ) is a phosphate thioester derivative which is capable of reducing deleterious outcomes of these therapies .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Novel Tetrahydrobenzazepine Derivatives and Their Cytoprotective Effect on Human Lymphocytes

Simić

Stanković²,

Mandić

et al. 2015

Archiv der Pharmazie

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Cytoprotective compounds such as amifostine play an important role in chemo- and radiotherapy due to their ability to reduce the side effects of these treatments. Our work was initiated with the intention to design, synthesise and test a new class of heterocyclic compounds that would have an antioxidative profile with the potential to be further developed as cytoprotective agents. The design was based on the privileged tetrahydrobenzazepine scaffold found in many natural products with a wide range of biological properties. This structure was further functionalised with moieties known to possess antioxidative features such as tertiary amine and styrene double bond. A series of eight tetrahydrobenzazepine derivatives of isoquinoline, 3,4-dihydro-β-carboline and pyridine were synthesised employing the Heck reaction as a key transformation. Some of the prepared compounds were tested for their in vitro effects on chromosome aberrations in peripheral human lymphocytes using the cytochalasin-B blocked micronucleus (MN) assay. Three tetrahydrobenzoazepine derivatives showed significant cytoprotective properties, comparable or even better to those of the radioprotective agent amifostine.

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Chemical genoprotection: reducing biological damage to as low as reasonably achievable levels

Cited by 30 publications

References 30 publications

Radioprotective and Antimutagenic Effects of Pycnanthus angolensis Warb Seed Extract against Damage Induced by X rays

Radioprotective and Antimutagenic Effects of Pycnanthus angolensis Warb Seed Extract against Damage Induced by X rays

Green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) as adjuvant in cancer therapy

Synthesis of Novel Tetrahydrobenzazepine Derivatives and Their Cytoprotective Effect on Human Lymphocytes

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