Chemical impurities and contaminants in different silicone oils in human eyes before and after prolonged use

Brunner, Simon; Izay, Barbara; Weidinger, Bernhard; Maichel, Beate; Binder, Susanne

doi:10.1007/s00417-010-1464-0

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Nakamura et al11 found that the concentration of LMWC up to D6 changed in SilOil recovered from human and rabbit eyes, with a significantly decline of D4, whereas the concentrations of heavier siloxanes remained stable. Significant time-dependent decrease in D4 concentration also has been detected recently in two different 5000 mPa·s SilOil 16. Based on these data, LMWC has been suggested to diffuse into surrounding ocular tissue.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…The surfactants can be divided in two groups of molecules: biosurfactants (HDL-apolipoproteins, plasma lipoproteins, red blood cell membranes, growth factors, and cytokines) and SilOil impurities 2. Low molecular weight components with M ≤ 1000 g/mol are considered significant chemical impurities of SilOil 16. These compounds are able to lower the IT of SilOil and, consequently, generate emulsification.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We found a broad MWD and significant differences in MWD between the SilOils. Previous studies focused the analysis of SilOil on cyclic oligomers, in particular D4, D5, D6, and octadecamethylcycloheptasiloxane (D7) 11,16. A quiet high variability of their concentration in the original, purified SilOil has been reported 16.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies focused the analysis of SilOil on cyclic oligomers, in particular D4, D5, D6, and octadecamethylcycloheptasiloxane (D7) 11,16. A quiet high variability of their concentration in the original, purified SilOil has been reported 16. Nakamura et al11 found that the concentration of LMWC up to D6 changed in SilOil recovered from human and rabbit eyes, with a significantly decline of D4, whereas the concentrations of heavier siloxanes remained stable.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative Study of Chemical Composition, Molecular and Rheological Properties of Silicone Oil Medical Devices

Mendichi

Schieroni

Piovani

et al. 2019

Trans. Vis. Sci. Tech.

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PurposeWe evaluated chemical composition, and molecular and rheological properties in 10 commercially available silicone oils (SilOils), focusing on siloxane chains of low molecular weight (LMW components, LMWC) that are known to be “impurities” produced during the SilOil synthesis process.MethodsWe assessed the type of SilOil polymer and molecular weight distribution (MWD) by spectroscopy and conventional size exclusion chromatography, respectively. From the Cumulative MWD, we calculated the fractions of LMWC with molecular weight (M): ≤2000, ≤5000, and ≤10,000 g/mol. Due to the low MW, the content of LMWC with M ≤1000 g/mol was determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The dynamic viscosity (η) was assessed by rotational rheometry.ResultsFor all SilOils, the polymer was polydimethylsiloxane. The samples differed significantly in terms of MWD and relative LMWC fractions. Specifically, the relative fraction of all LMWC (M ≤10,000 g/mol) ranged from 2.31% to 9.40% and the content of LMWC with M ≤1000 g/mol also varied significantly (range, 51–1151 ppm). The η values were different between the SilOils, and, for many of them, from the declared viscosity.ConclusionsCommercially available SilOils differ significantly in molecular and rheologic features. These compounds contain a significant amount of LMWC, “impurities” generated during the synthesis process, acting as emulsifier, potentially inducing ocular inflammation and toxicity.Translational RelevanceThe amount of impurities in different SilOils may influence significantly their biocompatibility.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative Study of Chemical Composition, Molecular and Rheological Properties of Silicone Oil Medical Devices

Mendichi

Schieroni

Piovani

et al. 2019

Trans. Vis. Sci. Tech.

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“…Despite the high surface tension, in practice silicone oils undergo emulsification, which can lead to several complications including cataract, keratopathy, glaucoma and silicone retinopathy [13]. Silicone oils have excellent chemical stability, but many studies proved that they are not inert biologically, some impurities such as retinol [14], lowmolecular-weight components (LMWC) [4], residual catalysts [15], OH-endgroups [16], and cholesterol [17] were detected in silicone oils, which can probably improve emulsification due…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of hydrophilic ophthalmic media on silicone oil emulsification

et al. 2020

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The aim of this study was to investigate whether and how the biological media which are in contact with silicone oil play a role in the silicone emulsification process. Commercially available Oxane 1300 silicone oil and potential hydrophilic phases of the emulsions in the eye (porcine aqueous humor, porcine vitreous and balanced salt solution) were investigated separately and in a mixture or emulsions by means of surface tension, rheological, zeta potential measurements and microscopic investigation. The surface tension of biological media (vitreous and aqueous humor) was significantly lower than that of non-biological media, especially in the case of aqueous humor, which indicates a remarkable emulsification tendency with these phases. The biological media are able to form both oil-in-water and water-in-oil emulsions, which can be observed in the clinical practice as well. It was established that the vitreous has a more expressed emulsification ability compared with the aqueous humor because smaller and more stable droplets can form with silicon oil when the vitreous is still there. It can be concluded that the vitreous has a higher impact on emulsification than the aqueous medium, which can predict that the vitreous remaining after vitrectomy has a key role in emulsion formation in the eye with silicone oil endotamponade.

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Efficacy of Cleaning Methods for Ophthalmic Microscopic Instruments: A Comparison Study

Zhou¹,

Ye²,

Huang³

et al. 2020

AORN Journal

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The combination of silicone oil and blood is difficult to remove from ophthalmic surgical instruments during cleaning and decontamination processes. We sought to establish the most efficient cleaning procedure for this type of contaminated instrument. We uniformly contaminated microscopic instruments made of titanium alloy and stainless steel with either blood alone or blood and silicone oil. We randomly assigned each instrument to one of four types of cleaning procedures that involved combinations of water, a multi‐enzyme detergent, or an alkaline detergent. After completing the designated cleaning procedure, a sterile processing technician used an adenosine triphosphate cleaning verification test to evaluate the cleaning efficacy. When cleaning blood‐ and silicone oil–contaminated titanium‐alloy and stainless‐steel instruments, the alkaline detergent immersion followed by a multi‐enzyme detergent ultrasonic cleaning yielded the highest cleaning effectiveness score (92.5%), which indicates this was the most effective of the four cleaning procedures that we tested.

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Chemical impurities and contaminants in different silicone oils in human eyes before and after prolonged use

Cited by 15 publications

References 18 publications

Comparative Study of Chemical Composition, Molecular and Rheological Properties of Silicone Oil Medical Devices

Comparative Study of Chemical Composition, Molecular and Rheological Properties of Silicone Oil Medical Devices

Comparison of hydrophilic ophthalmic media on silicone oil emulsification

Efficacy of Cleaning Methods for Ophthalmic Microscopic Instruments: A Comparison Study

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