Chemical interactions of heparin in porous polypyrrole, an example of drug–carrier destructive interaction

González-Torres, Maribel; Olayo, M. G.; Gómez, Lidia Ma.; Morales, J.; Olayo, Roberto; Ramirez, Ramon; Flores, Fernando G.; Mejía-Cuero, Ma. Rosario; Cruz, Guillermo J.

doi:10.1007/s00289-019-02751-w

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Earlier, González-Torres reported an XPS study about the structure of a union of three pyrrole and three ethylene glycol molecules that indicate 286.39 eV attributed CCN–C states which are the bonds of Py–Py . The bond formed after the reaction between PE and PEI may be similar to the growth of polypyrroles; therefore, the binding energy of C C –N–C ( 3 ) could be assigned to 286.26 eV (fwhm, 1.39). , The peak located at 285.49 eV (fwhm, 1.18) and 284.08 eV (fwhm, 0.92) can be attributed to C –N ( 4 ) and C C H–C ( 6 ) groups . Also, the binding energy peak of the C–N bond is significant since the bond solely originates from the BPEI.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…49 The bond formed after the reaction between PE and PEI may be similar to the growth of polypyrroles; therefore, the binding energy of CC−N−C (3) could be assigned to 286.26 eV (fwhm, 1.39). 50,51 The peak located at 285.49 eV (fwhm, 1.18) and 284.08 eV (fwhm, 0.92) can be attributed to C−N (4) and CCH−C (6) groups. 52 Also, the binding energy peak of the C−N bond is significant since the bond solely originates from the BPEI.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electroactive Nanogel Formation by Reactive Layer-by-Layer Assembly of Polyester and Branched Polyethylenimine via Aza-Michael Addition

et al. 2021

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We here demonstrate the utilization of reactive layer-by-layer (rLBL) assembly to form a nanogel coating made of branched polyethylenimine (BPEI) and alkyne containing polyester (PE) on a gold surface. The rLBL is generated by the rapid aza-Michael addition reaction of the alkyne group of PE and the −NH2 groups of BPEI by yielding a homogeneous gel coating on the gold substrate. The thickness profile of the nanogel revealed that a 400 nm thick coating is formed by six multilayers of rLBL, and it exhibits 50 nm roughness over 8 μm distance. The LBL characteristics were determined via depth profiling analysis by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and it has been shown that a 70–100 nm periodic increase in gel thickness is a consequence of consecutive cycles of rLBL. A detailed XPS analysis was performed to determine the yield of the rLBL reaction: the average yield was deduced as 86.4% by the ratio of the binding energies at 286.26 eV, (CCN–C bond) and 283.33 eV, (CC triple bond). The electrochemical characterization of the nanogels ascertains that up to the six-multilayered rLBL of BPEI-PE is electroactive, and the nanogel permeability had led to drive mass and charge transfer effectively. These results promise that nanogel formation by rLBL films may be a straightforward modification of electrodes approach, and it exhibits potential for the application of soft biointerfaces.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electroactive Nanogel Formation by Reactive Layer-by-Layer Assembly of Polyester and Branched Polyethylenimine via Aza-Michael Addition

et al. 2021

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“…If the orbital energy distribution is fitted with internal symmetric curves with specific FWHM, it is possible to associate the internal curves with the energetic states of the atoms. For organic nitrogen chemical states, experimentally has been found that FWHM should be in the 1.1–1.3 eV interval 20–22 . As it was mentioned before, an Ar ion beam was applied to the particles to erode the surface during 30, 60, and 90 s to study the chemical structure inside.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amined polyallylamine particles synthesized by plasma

Flores-Nava

Ramirez

González

et al. 2023

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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This work presents the synthesis of polyallylamine (PAl) particles starting from allylamine using resistive-inductive electrical glow discharges. PAl particles obtained directly from allylamine had not been reported before, only in combination with other components. PAl has a great number of applications as a biomaterial, due among other things to its great amine content. The particles were synthesized with a spherical profile with diameter in the 47-2900 nm range and were eroded with an Argon beam in a X-ray photoelectron spectrometer to calculate the amine content inside. Primary (4%-10%), secondary (38%-49%), tertiary (7%-31%), and unsaturated (22%-41%) amines were found in the particles as a function of the power of synthesis. Analyzing from the surface to the interior of the particles, the results showed that secondary amines slightly reduce, and tertiary amines increase. The electric conductivity of the particles was calculated as a function of temperature in the 10 À8 -10 À4 S/m interval with a semiconductor behavior increasing as the diameter reduces.The electrical properties are important in the application of these particles in the central nervous system.

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“…Hence, the interaction between the body and the drug‐carrier is of great importance. Toxicity can be divided into four categories: acute, subacute, subchronic, and chronic 102‐106 …”

Section: Toxicity Definitionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeted delivery, drug release strategies, and toxicity study of polymeric drug nanocarriers

Abasian

Shakibi

Maniati

et al. 2020

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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Science has been trying to deal with complex diseases, like cancer, for a long time. Indeed, the side effects of the conventional treatment methods are tremendous, in some cases irreversible. This kind of problems demands a solution. Therefore, novel drug delivery systems are devised to mitigate the negative impacts of conventional ones. Polymeric nanocarrier systems are of great importance in this newly opened field. Polymers having been vastly investigated are common in some properties, such as their being biocompatibility and biodegradability. Generally speaking, a set of properties is required to achieve optimum delivery of drugs to target organs with minimum side effects. To do so, some measures should be taken. First of all, the strategy for release should be determined, categorized into two main branches, active and passive. Next, the drug release method should be engineered. Generally, there are two main categories for drug release, exogenous and endogenous. In this review, some of the chief subcategories of any aforementioned items are discussed. In the end, we catch up on already engineered nanocarriers' administration to the human body, possible toxic effects, if any, and the routes for affecting as a toxin.

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Chemical interactions of heparin in porous polypyrrole, an example of drug–carrier destructive interaction

Cited by 8 publications

References 13 publications

Electroactive Nanogel Formation by Reactive Layer-by-Layer Assembly of Polyester and Branched Polyethylenimine via Aza-Michael Addition

Electroactive Nanogel Formation by Reactive Layer-by-Layer Assembly of Polyester and Branched Polyethylenimine via Aza-Michael Addition

Amined polyallylamine particles synthesized by plasma

Targeted delivery, drug release strategies, and toxicity study of polymeric drug nanocarriers

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