Chemical Investigation on River Waters of Southeastern Asiatic Countries—The Quality of Waters in Thailand

Kobayashi, Jun

doi:10.1097/00010694-196009000-00014

Cited by 8 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…The influence of the calcium carbonate in the catchment is overwhelmingly apparent in the ionic proportions of river water. The data of Kobayashi (1959), from analyses over a 12 month period, all plot very close to those of Fig. 9.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Water chemistry of the River Kwai, Thailand

Tyler

1984

Hydrobiologia

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Water chemistry of the River Kwai, Thailand

Tyler

1984

Hydrobiologia

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“…The very wet southern flanks of the Himalayan region are characterised by high fluxes due to intensive influence of the monsoon (Kobayashi, 1959), whereas much drier central parts like Tibet are characterised by low fluxes (Galy and France-Lanord, 1999). Large endorheic areas are located in the centre of Asia and cold climate in the northern parts leads to low DSi fluxes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this second data set numerous important references on river chemistry prior 1950/1960 600 H. H. Dürr et al: Global spatial distribution of natural riverine silica inputs to the coastal zone are given and reported here in our Supplement, i.e. before the main development of large reservoirs on world rivers (Vörösmarty et al, 1997), as (i) works on US rivers from a dozen of US Geological Survey reports prior to 1940, most of them used and cited by Clarke (1924), (ii) former Soviet rivers analysed between 1940 and 1960 by Alekin and Brazhnikova (1960 and (iii) June Kobayashi's work on Asian rivers in the same period for Japan, Thailand, Indonesia, Sri Lanka (Kobayashi, 1959(Kobayashi, , 1960(Kobayashi, and 1966. We also selected more recent analyses in regions with limited human impacts as in Alaska and Canada (Brunskill, 1986), Amazon and Orinoco basins (Lewis and Saunders, 1989), Patagonia (Depetris and Paolini, 1991), in West and South Africa (de Villiers, 1962;Olivry and Noah, 1978;Orange, 1992).…”

Section: Database For Dsi and Psi In River Waters And Particulate Mattermentioning

confidence: 99%

Global spatial distribution of natural riverine silica inputs to the coastal zone

et al. 2011

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Abstract. Silica, SiO 2 , in dissolved (DSi) and particulate (PSi) form, is both a major product of continental weathering as well as an essential nutrient in terrestrial and aquatic systems. Here we present estimates of the spatial distribution of riverine silica fluxes under natural conditions, i.e. without human influence, to ∼140 segments of the global coastal zone. Focussing on the construction of the DSi budget, natural DSi concentration is multiplied with discharge of rivers for each segment for documented basins and segments. Segments with no documentation available are estimated using clustered information based mainly on considerations of local lithology, climate, and lake retention. We approximate fluxes of particulate silica in various forms (PSi) from fluxes of suspended matter, calculated from existing models. Results have been established for silica fluxes, concentrations and yields for drainage basins of the different continents, oceans basins as well as coastal segment basins. For the continental surfaces actually draining into the oceans (exorheic regions, representing 114.7 million (M) km 2 ), 371 M t y −1 of DSi and 8835 M t y −1 of PSi are transported, corresponding to a mean concentration of 9.5 mg l −1 and 226 mg l −1 , and to a mean yield of 3.3 t km −2 y −1 and 77 t km −2 y −1 , respectively. DSi yields exceeding 6.6 t km −2 y −1 , i.e. >2× the global average, represent 17.4% of the global continental icefree exorheic area but correspond to 56.0% of DSi fluxes. Pacific catchments hold most of the hyper-active areas (>5× global average), suggesting a close connection between tecCorrespondence to: H. H. Dürr (h.durr@geo.uu.nl) tonic activity and DSi fluxes resulting from silicate weathering. The macro-filters of regional and marginal seas intercept 33% and 46% of the total dissolved and particulate silica fluxes. The mass of DSi received from rivers per unit square area of various oceans ranges over more than one order of magnitude. When expressed per unit volume and when individual regional seas are considered this figure ranges over two to three orders of magnitude, an illustration of the heterogeneity of the land to sea connection.

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“…Nitrate can form by nitrification in the aerobic soil zone of lowland rice fields (Shioiri and Aomine 1938;Pearsall and Mortimer 1939), and it can enter the rice fields with irrigation water (Kobayashi 1958;Ito 1987) or from upland agricultural lands (Ogawa and Sakai 1984). The nitrate is normally unstable in flooded soils and converted to dinitrogen (N2) and nitrous oxide (N20) by denitrification (Mitsui et al 1964;Freney et al 1981).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%