Chemical Leukoderma from Hair Dye Containing para-Phenylenediamine

Discoid lupus triggered by allergic contact dermatitis caused by a hair dye

“…In our case, the triggering allergen was found to be PPD, a potent contact sensitizer, for which other atypical clinical presentations have been reported, such as Sweet‐syndrome‐like dermatosis , erythema multiforme , angioedema , and leukoderma . However, to our knowledge, this is the first case of an exacerbation of DCLE following the application of a PPD‐containing hair dye in a sensitized individual.…”

p‐phenylenediamine induced depigmentation on scalp and patch test site: A case report

“…Similarly, tyrosinase-related protein 1 converts phenols and catechols into semiquinone free radicals and reactive oxygen species which causes oxidative stress on melanocytes, 2 which may lead to loss of melanocytes within the skin and hair follicle, resulting in skin depigmentation and greying of hair. 8 The above CL case is interesting as patch testing was strongly positive for contact allergy to p-phenylenediamine with depigmentation at the test site. 9 Literature search revealed only a few cases of CL at the test site for p-phenylenediamine.…”

“…p‐phenylenediamine which is structurally similar to tyrosine competes with tyrosine for hydroxylation by tyrosinase and interferes with melanin synthesis. Similarly, tyrosinase‐related protein 1 converts phenols and catechols into semiquinone free radicals and reactive oxygen species which causes oxidative stress on melanocytes, 2 which may lead to loss of melanocytes within the skin and hair follicle, resulting in skin depigmentation and greying of hair 8 …”

A rare case of acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis induced by gadobutrol

“…Similarly, tyrosinase-related protein 1 converts phenols and catechols into semiquinone free radicals and reactive oxygen species which causes oxidative stress on melanocytes, 2 which may lead to loss of melanocytes within the skin and hair follicle, resulting in skin depigmentation and greying of hair. 8 The above CL case is interesting as patch testing was strongly positive for contact allergy to p-phenylenediamine with depigmentation at the test site. 9 Literature search revealed only a few cases of CL at the test site for p-phenylenediamine.…”