Chemical modification of polypropylene by nitroxide-mediated radical graft polymerization of styrene

Abbasian, Mojtaba; Shahparian, Maryam; Bonab, Solmaz Esmaeily Shoja

doi:10.1007/s13726-012-0120-4

Cited by 21 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…Some examples are described in the literature where the preparation of macroalkoxyamine is carried out by a multi‐step procedure, which is often complex and time‐demanding . For example, Mohajery et al .…”

Section: Nrc Reaction In Peroxide‐initiated Post‐polymerization Modifmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Poly(vinyl chloride)‐ g ‐polystyrene (PVC‐ g ‐PS) copolymer was also prepared by a very similar approach . Another procedure, comprising four steps only for the anchoring of the alkoxyamine, was designed and implemented starting from commercial PP . However, the macroalkoxyamines previously described and obtained by NRC reaction from TEMPO or TEMPO derivatives and macroradicals formed by hydrogen abstraction from polymer chains can be successfully used.…”

Section: Nrc Reaction In Peroxide‐initiated Post‐polymerization Modifmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Post‐polymerization modification by nitroxide radical coupling

Coiai

Passaglia

Cicogna

2018

Polymer International

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Post‐polymerization modification is an attractive approach to extend applications and convert commodity plastics into products with new, desirable and tunable properties. Among the post‐polymerization modification methods, the nitroxide radical coupling (NRC) reaction has been shown to be a convenient and versatile way to graft specific functionalities onto polymer chains and to control the onset and yield of polymer crosslinking during peroxide‐initiated processes. The use of 2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidine‐1‐oxyl (TEMPO) and its derivatives as controllers of scorch in crosslinking and as functionalizers in functionalization reactions is thoroughly described. Examples are also given of graft polymerization from macroalkoxyamines generated by NRC and grafting of nitroxides by irradiation processes. In addition, in this review we attempt to demonstrate the broad applications of the NRC reaction in the preparation of polymers with a multitude of functionalities and elaborate architectures. The examples discussed here concern the use of atom transfer and single electron transfer NRC reactions to design a variety of polymers with asymmetrical structure and the use of the radical crossover reaction, based on the alkoxyamine dynamic covalent bond, to generate reversible polymer structures and switchable functional polymers. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry

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Section: Nrc Reaction In Peroxide‐initiated Post‐polymerization Modifmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nrc Reaction In Peroxide‐initiated Post‐polymerization Modifmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post‐polymerization modification by nitroxide radical coupling

Coiai

Passaglia

Cicogna

2018

Polymer International

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“…Therefore, there is a lack of control over molecular weight and polydispersity of the graft chains [18]. These problems can be circumvented through applying of living radical polymerization methods such as: atom transfer radical polymerizations (ATRP) [19][20][21], nitroxide-mediated polymerizations (NMP) [22][23][24] and reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization (RAFT) [25][26][27]. Metalcatalyzed living-radical polymerization, generally called atom-transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), is one of the most widely used methods for controllable radical polymerization and is based on the reversible reaction of low oxidation-state metal complexes with an alkyl halide, generating radicals and the corresponding high-oxidation state metal complexes with a coordinated halide ligand (Scheme 1) [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Cellulose-graft-Polychloromethylstyrene-graft-Polyacrylonitrile Terpolymer/Organoclay Bionanocomposite by Metal Catalyzed Living Radical Polymerization and Solvent Blending Method

Abbasian

Pakzad

Kobra

2017

Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering

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A bionanocomposite of grafted cellulose and organo modified clay was synthesized through solution intercalation method. For this purpose, chloromethylstyrene was grafted onto cellulose using acryloyl chloride and the subsequent free radical polymerization.The synthesized cellulose-graft-poly chloromethylstyrene was used as an atom transfer radical polymerization macroinitiator of acrylonitrile in the presence of CuCl /2, 2'-bipyridine catalyst system, to prepare the cellulose-graft-poly chloromethyl styrenegraft-polyacrylonitrile terpolymer. For preparing the modified clay, Na-MMT was mixed with hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride salt. Finally, cellulose -graft-poly chloromethylstyrene -graft -polyacrylonitrile / organoclay bionanocomposite was prepared in CCl 4 by solution intercalation method. Downloaded by [University of California Santa Barbara] at 16:41 22 June 2016 2 Graphical Abstract:

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“…These composites are attractive because they can combine with the properties of other compounds, and the composites of PANI with graphite, [7,8] carbon nanotubes [9] and carbon black (CB) have been accepted to effectively improve the electric conductivity. As well as, encapsulation of metal nanoparticles into CPs results in hybrid organicinorganic nanocomposites that exhibit enhanced thermal stability, electrochemical, catalytic, magnetic, mechanical, Downloaded by [RMIT University Library] at 08: 48 25 June 2016 polymerization, using stable nitroxide radicals such as TEMPO, [36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44] and atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). [45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53] Because ATRP allows better control over the molecular weight and distribution of the target polymer, much attention has been paid to the use of this polymerization method in the synthesis of polymer brushes from a surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of conductive PSt-g-PANi/TiO₂ nanocomposites by metal catalyzed and chemical oxidative polymerization

Abbasian

Ahmadkhani

2016

Designed Monomers and Polymers

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Well-defined polymer-TiO 2 nanocomposites of core-shell structure were prepared by two-steps, surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of styrene and in situ chemical oxidative polymerization of aniline monomers from the surfaces of the TiO 2 nanoparticles. The methods used include the following: initially, the ATRP initiator was covalently attached to the surface of TiO 2 nanoparticles by esterification of 2-bromo-2-methyl propionic acid with hydroxyl group. The metalcatalyzed radical polymerization of styrene with modified TiO 2 nanoparticles was performed using a copper catalyst system to give the TiO 2 -based core hybrids linking PSt segments (TiO 2 -PSt hybrids). Next, the TiO 2 -PSt reacted with HNO 3 /H 2 SO 4 to produce a nitro group containing polystyrene to form TiO 2 -PSt-NO 2 , and obtained TiO 2 -PSt-NO 2 was treated with hydrochloric acid/SnCl 2 , and converted to an amine group containing polystyrene (TiO 2 -PSt-NH 2 ). Finally, surface oxidative graft copolymerization of aniline, using the -NH 2 moieties of TiO 2 /PSt-NH 2 as the anchoring sites. Characterization of these well-defined nanocomposites included FTIR, thermogravimetric analysis, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction.

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Chemical modification of polypropylene by nitroxide-mediated radical graft polymerization of styrene

Cited by 21 publications

References 35 publications

Post‐polymerization modification by nitroxide radical coupling

Post‐polymerization modification by nitroxide radical coupling

Synthesis of Cellulose-graft-Polychloromethylstyrene-graft-Polyacrylonitrile Terpolymer/Organoclay Bionanocomposite by Metal Catalyzed Living Radical Polymerization and Solvent Blending Method

Synthesis of conductive PSt-g-PANi/TiO₂ nanocomposites by metal catalyzed and chemical oxidative polymerization

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Chemical modification of polypropylene by nitroxide-mediated radical graft polymerization of styrene

Cited by 21 publications

References 35 publications

Post‐polymerization modification by nitroxide radical coupling

Post‐polymerization modification by nitroxide radical coupling

Synthesis of Cellulose-graft-Polychloromethylstyrene-graft-Polyacrylonitrile Terpolymer/Organoclay Bionanocomposite by Metal Catalyzed Living Radical Polymerization and Solvent Blending Method

Synthesis of conductive PSt-g-PANi/TiO2 nanocomposites by metal catalyzed and chemical oxidative polymerization

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Synthesis of conductive PSt-g-PANi/TiO₂ nanocomposites by metal catalyzed and chemical oxidative polymerization