Chemical modification of timothy grass pollen antigen B—I.

Malley, Arthur; Begley, D.; Forsham, A.

doi:10.1016/0161-5890(79)90093-2

Cited by 11 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The IgE reactivity of the allergen extracts was reduced by denaturation using aldehydes resulting in allergoids [69,70,77,78], by proteolysis [79][80][81] or by conjugation of the extracts to chemical groups (e.g. using mPEG) [82,83].…”

Section: Past and Present Attempts For The Improvement Of Allergen-spmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developments in allergen‐specific immunotherapy: from allergen extracts to allergy vaccines bypassing allergen‐specific immunoglobulin E and T cell reactivity

Focke

Swoboda

Marth

et al. 2010

Clin Experimental Allergy

101

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SummaryAllergen-specific immunotherapy (SIT) is the only specific and disease-modifying approach for the treatment of allergy but several disadvantages have limited its broad applicability. We argue that the majority of the possible disadvantages of SIT such as unwanted effects, poor efficacy and specificity as well as inconvenient application are related to the poor quality of natural allergen extracts, which are the active ingredients of all currently available allergy vaccines. Because of the progress made in the field of molecular allergen characterization, new allergy vaccines based on recombinant allergens, recombinant hypoallergenic allergen derivatives and allergen-derived T cell peptides have entered clinical testing and hold promise to reduce the side-effects and to increase the specificity as well as the efficacy of SIT. Here, we present a refined immunotherapy concept, which is based on the use of peptides derived from allergen surfaces that exhibit reduced, allergen-specific IgE as well as T cell reactivity. These peptides when fused to non-allergenic carriers give rise to allergen-specific protective IgG responses with T cell help from a non-allergenic carrier molecule. We summarize the experimental data demonstrating that such peptide vaccines can bypass allergen-specific IgE as well as T cell activation and may be administered at high doses without IgE-and T cell-mediated side-effects. Should these peptide vaccines prove efficacious and safe in clinical trials, it may become possible to develop convenient, safe and broadly applicable forms of SIT as true alternatives to symptomatic, drug-based allergy treatment.

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Section: Past and Present Attempts For The Improvement Of Allergen-spmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developments in allergen‐specific immunotherapy: from allergen extracts to allergy vaccines bypassing allergen‐specific immunoglobulin E and T cell reactivity

Focke

Swoboda

Marth

et al. 2010

Clin Experimental Allergy

101

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“…In earlier studies we demonstrated that photooxidation of AgB results in a complete loss of the antibody-binding properties and immunogenicity of Ox-AgB [16]. Addition al studies demonstrated that Ox-AgB retains a significant level of the T cell-activating (antigen-induced lymphocyte transforma tion) and T helper cell-priming characteris tics of AgB [17].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, Ox-AgB is nonimmunogenic and does not stimulate B cells primed with na tive antigen [16]. On the other hand, OxAgB in buffered saline or adsorbed to alum induces significant levels of antigen-specific T helper cells [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induction and Characterization of Suppressor T Cells and Soluble Factors with Modified Timothy Grass Pollen AgB

Malley¹,

Lb²,

Cj³

1981

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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Previous studies demonstrated that antigen B (AgB), a major antigen of timothy grass pollen, modified by photooxidation (Ox-AgB) does not react with rabbit, human, or mouse antibodies directed against AgB and does not induce antibodies reactive with either native or modified AgB. However, immunization of mice with Ox-AgB in alum induces significant T helper cell activity. In this review, we describe the conditions and kinetics for Ox-AgB induction of T suppressor cells, the secretion of AgB-specific T suppressor factor (T_SF), and the partial purification of AgB-specific T_SF.

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“…Previous studies have demonstrated that OX-AgB neither induces nor reacts with AgB-specific IgE [17]. However, OX-AgB induces a significant AgB-specific IgG response in a number of mouse strains [9].…”

Section: Failure O F Anti-id To Inhibit Ox-agb Interaction With Monocmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Immune Response against Timothy Grass Pollen Allergens

Malley

1989

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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Enzyme-linked immunoassays were used to examine the binding specificity of affinity-purified anti-idiotypic antibody [against the idiotypic determinant on timothy grass pollen antigen B (AgB)-specific IgE] with murine AgB-specific IgG and IgE antibodies, and the serum from timothy-sensitive patients. In addition, the proliferative response of peripheral blood lymphocytes from timothy-sensitive patients with either antigen or anti-idiotypic antibody was examined. These studies suggest that the idiotypic determinant expressed on murine AgB-specific IgE is highly conserved on human AgB-specific IgE and T cells of timothy-sensitive patients.

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Chemical modification of timothy grass pollen antigen B—I.

Cited by 11 publications

References 17 publications

Developments in allergen‐specific immunotherapy: from allergen extracts to allergy vaccines bypassing allergen‐specific immunoglobulin E and T cell reactivity

Developments in allergen‐specific immunotherapy: from allergen extracts to allergy vaccines bypassing allergen‐specific immunoglobulin E and T cell reactivity

Induction and Characterization of Suppressor T Cells and Soluble Factors with Modified Timothy Grass Pollen AgB

Human Immune Response against Timothy Grass Pollen Allergens

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