Chemical nature and predominant sources of PM10 and PM2.5 from multiple sites on the Silk Road, Northwest China

Zhou, Xi; Li, Zhongqin; Zhang, Tinjun; Wang, Feiteng; Yan, Tao; Zhang, Xin; Wang, Fanglong; Huang, Ju; Cheng, T.Y.; Jiang, Huimin; Zheng, Cunying; Liu, Feng

doi:10.1016/j.apr.2020.10.001

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) is a multivariate receptor model that employed to measure the contributions of various emissions sources to PM. More specifics regarding this model can be found elsewhere (Wang et al, 2015;Li et al, 2016;Alahmad et al, 2021;Zhou et al, 2021). In this paper, 6 WSIs (Cl − , NO 3 − , SO 4 2− , Na + , NH 4 + , and K + ), OC, EC and 11 elements (Mg, Al, Ca, Fe, V, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Pb, and Ba) were included for the PMF analysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One past air quality study taking place on the Silk Road, Northwest China, involved PM samples being collected from multiple sites during summer and winter, 2018. The work indicated that daily average PM 10 and PM 2.5 concentrations in four cities were 112-152 and 70-81 μg/m 3 , respectively (Zhou et al, 2021). These levels were over double the Grade I daily standard of CAAQS of 50 μg/m 3 for PM 10 and 35 μg/m 3 for PM 2.5 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Carbonaceous chemicals in atmospheric aerosols are mostly made up of two species, namely, OC and EC (Zhou et al, 2021). The main origins of OC and EC include commercial coal burning, motor- vehicle exhausts and biomass combustion (Gu et al, 2010).…”

Section: Carbonaceous Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the comparatively high concentrations of inorganic elements were found in the order Al > Fe > Mg > Ca, the mass contributions of these four elements made up 9.6-11.8% for PM 10 , and their concentration can be compared with Xi'an, Lanzhou, and other cities (Wang et al, 2013). To look into their main formation processes, the Enrichment factor (EF) method availed to tell anthropogenic and natural sources apart (Zhou et al, 2021). We entertained the idea of using Al as the reference element and judge the anthropogenic and crustal origin of inorganic elements based on a critical EF value of 10 (Hsu et al, 2010).…”

Section: Inorganic Elementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multiple Models Used to Deconstruct the Characteristics of Atmospheric Particles in Arid Region of Northwest China

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2022

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Northwest China has a desert, arid and semi-arid climate that makes outdoor air sampling challenging. The region is also affected by intense dust storms. Monitoring challenges from the harsh climate have limited supplies of the data needed to inform appropriate regulatory actions to address air pollution in the region. Here we combine a comprehensive set of state-of-the-art offline analytical approaches and multiple models to deconstruct the chemical nature and sources of particulate matter at arid city in northwestern China. We collected 972 samples in Jiuquan during the period March 2019 through January 2020. The annual levels of PM10 (73.7 μg/m3) exceeded the Chinese Ambient Air Quality Standard (CAAQS) Grade II of 70 μg/m3. The percentages of the sum of sulfate, nitrate and ammonium, inorganic elements, organic carbon and elemental carbon in PM10 mass ranged 6.8–15.8%, 9.9–12.2%, 9.0–27.7%, and 1.5–4.7%, respectively. Analyses of sources indicated that soil dust was a major contributor to PM10 levels in Jiuquan city accounting for 24.8–30.5%. Fugitive dust and coal combustion were the second and third largest contributors to PM10, respectively. Our results suggest that natural emissions can make air quality regulation futile. In this comprehensive particulate pollution analysis, we present the view that the sizeable regional particulate sources warrant national and regional mitigation strategies to ensure compliance with air quality requirements.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Carbonaceous Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Inorganic Elementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multiple Models Used to Deconstruct the Characteristics of Atmospheric Particles in Arid Region of Northwest China

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2022

Front. Environ. Sci.

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“…Two to seven factors were severally run to determine the appropriate number of source factors. The final number of factors was decided on the base of their physical interpretability [52]. To improve the obtained solutions the model parameter called F peak was applied.…”

Section: Data Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Source Apportionment of Particulate Matter in Urban Snowpack Using End-Member Mixing Analysis and Positive Matrix Factorization Model

et al. 2021

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The aim of this study was to identify particulate matter (PM) sources and to evaluate their contributions to PM in the snowpack of three East Siberian cities. That was the first time when the PM accumulated in the snowpack during the winter was used as the object for source apportionment study in urban environment. The use of long-term integrated PM samples allowed to exclude the influence of short-term weather conditions and anthropogenic activities on PM chemistry. To ascertain the real number of PM sources and their contributions to air pollution the results of source apportionment using positive matrix factorization model (PMF) were for the first time compared to the results obtained using end-member mixing analysis (EMMA). It was found that Si, Fe and Ca were the tracers of aluminosilicates, non-exhaust traffic emissions and concrete deterioration respectively. Aluminum was found to be the tracer of both fossil fuel combustion and aluminum production. The results obtained using EMMA were in good agreement with those obtained using PMF. However, in some cases, the non-point sources identified using PMF were the combinations of two single non-point sources identified using EMMA, whereas the non-point sources identified using EMMA were split by PMF into two single non-point sources. The point sources were clearly identified using both techniques.

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Research trends and frontiers on source appointment of soil heavy metal: a scientometric review (2000–2020)

Wang

Cai

Yang

et al. 2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Chemical nature and predominant sources of PM10 and PM2.5 from multiple sites on the Silk Road, Northwest China

Cited by 17 publications

References 91 publications

Multiple Models Used to Deconstruct the Characteristics of Atmospheric Particles in Arid Region of Northwest China

Multiple Models Used to Deconstruct the Characteristics of Atmospheric Particles in Arid Region of Northwest China

Source Apportionment of Particulate Matter in Urban Snowpack Using End-Member Mixing Analysis and Positive Matrix Factorization Model

Research trends and frontiers on source appointment of soil heavy metal: a scientometric review (2000–2020)

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