Chemical Nematicides: Recent Research Progress and Outlook

Abstract

Plant-parasitic nematodes have caused huge economic losses to agriculture worldwide and seriously threaten the sustainable development of modern agriculture. Chemical nematicides are still the most effective means to manage nematodes. However, the long-term use of organophosphorus and carbamate nematicides has led to a lack of field control efficacy and increased nematode resistance. To meet the huge market demand and slow the growth of resistance, new nematicides are needed to enter the market. The rational design and synthesis of new chemical scaffolds to screen for new nematicides is still a difficult task. We reviewed the latest research progress of nematicidal compounds in the past decade, discussed the structure−activity relationship and mechanism of action, and recommended some nematicidal active fragments. It is hoped that this review can update the recent progress on nematicide discoveries and provide new ideas for the design and mechanism of action studies of nematicides.

Synthesis and Anti‐Oomycete Activity of 1‐Sulfonyloxy/Acyloxydihydroeugenol Derivatives

“…Eos play a very important role in the discovery of new fungicides [11–13] . Thus, it is in line with the development trend of pesticide science to develop botanical fungicides with plant secondary metabolites with antifungal activity as leading compounds [14] …”

Impacts of Root-Lesion Nematode (Pratylenchus thornei) on Plant Nutrition, Biomass, Grain Yield and Yield Components of Susceptible/Intolerant Wheat Cultivars Determined by Nematicide Applications

“…The results provide new information on the impact of the nematodes on uptake of N and P by young wheat plants and effects on the subsequent wheat growth and components of grain yield. This information is valuable (a) for designing strategies for integrated management of P. thornei on farms, (b) for modifying crop growth models in order to simulate the effects of P. thornei on wheat production in this environment, and (c) for guidance in assessing next-generation nematicides [17][18][19] for potential responses in wheat under field conditions appropriate to the region.…”

Deciphering the Behavioral Response of Meloidogyne incognita and Fusarium oxysporum Toward Mustard Essential Oil

“…Commonly employed pest management practices in this context involve the usage of pesticides to manage M. incognita and F. oxysporum individually. New generation molecules such as fluensulfone, fluopyram, fluazaindolizine, and tioxazafen have been reported as effective nematicides (Desaeger and Watson, 2019;Silva et al, 2019;Chen et al, 2020). Furthermore, synthetic fungicides like carbendazim, benomyl, prochloraz, fludioxonil, propiconazole, thiabendazole, bromuconazole, and thiophanate have long been in use for Fusarium wilt management (Song et al, 2004;Amini and Sidovich, 2010;Ajilogba and Babalola, 2013).…”

“…There is, however, a growing concern over synthetics due to their injudicious use, which has led to resistance in pests, toxicity to non-target organisms, residue issues in food and the environment, and other associated health hazards. Globally, many effective synthetic pesticides are facing bans (Wightwick et al, 2010;Chen et al, 2020). Thus, preference is being given to an Integrated Pest Management (IPM) concept that involves using biopesticides as a major component for pest management (Wanjohi et al, 2018).…”