Chemical Neuroanatomy of 5-HT Receptor Subtypes in the Mammalian Brain

Mengod, Guadalupe; Vilaró, M. Teresa; Cortés, Roser; López-Giménez, Juan F.; Raurich, Andreu; Palacios, J.M.

doi:10.1007/978-1-59745-080-5_10

Cited by 27 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 211 publications

(133 reference statements)

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“…Individual neurones have been shown to express multiple 5‐HTRs, which exert differential effects of 5‐HT on them (Araneda & Andrade , Mengod et al . ). In addition to its direct effects, the serotonergic system interacts with other important neurotransmitter systems, like the catecholaminergic system, further influencing the organism's physiology (D'Souza & Craig ).…”

Section: ‐Ht In Biological Functionsmentioning

confidence: 97%

The role of serotonin and its receptors in activation of immune responses and inflammation

2014

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Serotonin or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is a neurotransmitter and hormone that contributes to the regulation of various physiological functions by its actions in the central nervous system (CNS) and in the respective organ systems. Peripheral 5-HT is predominantly produced by enterochromaffin (EC) cells of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. These gut-resident cells produce much more 5-HT than all neuronal and other sources combined, establishing EC cells as the main source of this biogenic amine in the human body. Peripheral 5-HT is also a potent immune modulator and affects various immune cells through its receptors and via the recently identified process of serotonylation. Alterations in 5-HT signalling have been described in inflammatory conditions of the gut, such as inflammatory bowel disease. The association between 5-HT and inflammation, however, is not limited to the gut, as changes in 5-HT levels have also been reported in patients with allergic airway inflammation and rheumatoid arthritis. Based on searches for terms such as '5-HT', 'EC cell', 'immune cells' and 'inflammation' in pubmed.gov as well as by utilizing pertinent reviews, the current review aims to provide an update on the role of 5-HT in biological functions with a particular focus on immune activation and inflammation.

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Section: ‐Ht In Biological Functionsmentioning

confidence: 97%

The role of serotonin and its receptors in activation of immune responses and inflammation

2014

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“…However, brainstem serotonin neurons send ascending projections that terminate in a defined and organized manner in cortical, limbic, midbrain, and hindbrain regions (Figure 1). Indeed, all brain regions express multiple serotonin receptors in a receptor subtype-specific fashion (9). Additionally, individual neurons may express multiple serotonin receptors.…”

Section: From Brain To Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, Layer V pyramidal neurons express 5-HT 1A and 5-HT 2A receptors, which exert opposing effects on pyramidal neuron firing (10). CNS serotonin neurons are thus ideally positioned to modulate the activity of a wide variety of human brain circuits, which explains, in part, the pleiotropic behavioral effects of brain serotonin (9). …”

Section: From Brain To Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the neural circuitry responsible for each of these behavioral processes is still being elucidated, in many cases there is at least one specific brain region or nucleus that is critical for a given behavior. The expression pattern of each serotonin receptor within the human CNS is also known (9). Thus, the question of how serotonin modulates each behavioral process can usually be framed in terms of how specific serotonin receptors modulate the specific brain region(s)/nuclei involved in producing the behavioral output.…”

Section: From Brain To Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Expanded Biology of Serotonin

2009

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Serotonin is perhaps best known as a neurotransmitter that modulates neural activity and a wide range of neuropsychological processes, and drugs that target serotonin receptors are used widely in psychiatry and neurology. However, most serotonin is found outside the central nervous system, and virtually all of the 15 serotonin receptors are expressed outside as well as within the brain. Serotonin regulates numerous biological processes including cardiovascular function, bowel motility, ejaculatory latency, and bladder control. Additionally, new work suggests that serotonin may regulate some processes, including platelet aggregation, by receptor-independent, transglutaminase-dependent covalent linkage to cellular proteins. We review this new “expanded serotonin biology” and discuss how drugs targeting specific serotonin receptors are beginning to help treat a wide range of diseases.

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“…This innervation is surprisingly widespread and, at least in rodents, exhibits only moderate variations in terms of areal and laminar density (Lidov et al, 1980). Receptor autoradiographic and/ or in situ hybridization studies have also documented the presence of most serotonin receptor subtypes and their mRNAs in the cerebral cortex (Mengod et al, 2006). However the distribution of these receptors exhibits substantial areal, laminar and cellular heterogeneity.…”

Section: The Serotonergic Innervation Of the Cerebral Cortexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serotonergic regulation of neuronal excitability in the prefrontal cortex

2011

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The cerebral cortex receives a dense serotonergic innervation originating predominantly from the dorsal raphe nucleus. This innervation regulates cortical functioning by activating multiple serotonin receptors that are differentially expressed by pyramidal cells and interneurons. Electrophysiological studies in the prefrontal cortex indicate that receptors of the 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A subtypes are the main serotonin receptors regulating membrane excitability in pyramidal cells. Most pyramidal cells in layer V coexpress 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A receptors that together regulate how these neurons encode excitatory input into neuronal firing. In contrast, a subset of large pyramidal cells of deep layer V appears to express exclusively 5-HT2A receptors that depolarize and excite these cells. Serotonin also depolarizes and excites at least two classes of GABAergic interneurons by acting on 5-HT3 and 5-HT2A receptors. The differential expression of serotonin receptors in different pyramidal cells and interneurons is consistent with a growing appreciation of the anatomical, molecular and functional heterogeneity of pyramidal cells and interneurons of the cerebral cortex. These find ings begin to lay the ground for a cellular-level understanding of the serotonergic regulation of the prefrontal cortex.

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Chemical Neuroanatomy of 5-HT Receptor Subtypes in the Mammalian Brain

Cited by 27 publications

References 211 publications

The role of serotonin and its receptors in activation of immune responses and inflammation

The role of serotonin and its receptors in activation of immune responses and inflammation

The Expanded Biology of Serotonin

Serotonergic regulation of neuronal excitability in the prefrontal cortex

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