Chemical process of synthesizing zinc oxide (ZnO) with nanorod and spherical morphologies

Abstract

ZnO nanoparticles were prepared by direct thermal decomposition of the precursor [contain: Zn4(SO4)(OH)6.H2O and ZnO] in air for 1 h at 875°C. The pH of the precursor solution was set at 6 and 11 by the controlled addition of the NH3•H2O solution. The as-prepared materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectrum (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). According to the analyses, the ZnO nanoparticles were pure with both rod-like and spherical shapes which were synthesized using chloride and sulfate solutions, respectively. Moreover, the average diameter of synthesized spherical ZnO at pH=6 was around 85±5 nm; while, an average diameter of the nanorods was 980 nm and 2.2 μm in length. The average nanorods diameter at pH=11 was 760 nm and 3.3 μm in length; while the average particle size of spherical shape was around 112±5 nm. The TEM and SEM image showed the morphology of spherical and nanorods particles. The reaction temperature of all steps during the synthesis of ZnO nanopowders shifted to high temperature, as the pH of the starting solution increased from 6 to 11. Due to the simplicity, the present method could be proposed as a convenient approach to produce pure ZnO nanoparticles by means of ZnSO4 and ZnCl2 solutions without using any toxic and organic chemicals.

Structural and Optical Properties of Bismuth-doped ZnO Nanoparticles Synthesized by Co-precipitation

“…The main diffracting peaks were observed for the (100), (002), and (101) orientation of wurtzite ZnO at 2θ = 31.8º, 34.6º, and 36.4º, respectively, with the remaining peaks corresponding to the (102), ( 110), (103), and (112) orientation [21]. The locations of the diffraction peaks match precisely with the standards as well as the ZnO particles with different morphology and different preparation techniques [9]. The intensities of the diffraction peaks are all comparable even with increasing Bi concentration, indicating that the amount of the Bi dopant in the lattice is not sufficient to have any effect on the overall crystal structure of the ZnO host.…”

“…Among different forms of ZnO, nanoparticles can provide a higher surface area, which increases the number of active sites for the reactions compared to thin films or other 2D bulk surfaces, particularly useful for catalytic applications [4]. ZnO nanoparticles have been prepared by various techniques, including sol-gel method [5], electrophoretic deposition [6], hydrothermal methods [7], thermal decomposition [8,9], chemical vapor deposition [10], and coprecipitation [11]. Co-precipitation is considered one of the most straightforward and affordable techniques due to its minimal setup and fewer chemical precursors involved in the process; while also allowing for *Corresponding Author Institutional Email: pakpoom.b@nrru.ac.th (P. Buabthong) incorporating dopants to vary the electronic properties [12].…”

“…Since the surface area of the nanoparticles can highly influence the catalytic performance, different morphologies of the ZnO nanoparticles have been investigated, including nanorods [13], nanospheres [9], nanoplates [14], and nanowires [15]. In particular, ZnO nanosheets have been reported to exhibit better catalytic performance because of their higher number of polar facets [16,17], which would likely be beneficial to reactions in aqueous solutions.…”

Chemical Reaction-Diffusion Model Around a Vessel for Studying Temperature and Concentration of Three Chemical Species by Finite Element Method

“…Pasha and Domiri-Ganji [15] examining the crossover examination of micropolar ethylene-glycol nanofluid on extending surface mounted triangular, rectangular, and chamfer blades by FEM technique and optimization with RSM strategy. Darezereshki et al [16] studied the chemical handle of synthesizing zinc oxide (ZnO) with nanorod and circular morphologies. The response temperature of all steps amid the blend of ZnO nano powders moved to a higher temperature as the pH of the beginning arrangement expanded from 6 to 11.…”