Chemical processing in high-pressure aqueous environments. 1. Historical perspective and continuing developments

Sealock, L.J.; Elliott, Douglas C.; Baker, E.G.; Butner, R.S.

doi:10.1021/ie00020a001

Cited by 87 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…350 8C while producing a methane rich gas [50,51,8,52]. In an extensive research program that started in the eighties of the last century tests were carried out at laboratory and pilot scale focusing on both catalyst and process development.…”

Section: Catalytic Gasification In Hot Compressed Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic gasification of dry and wet biomass

Rossum¹,

Potic²,

Kersten³

et al. 2009

Catalysis Today

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Section: Catalytic Gasification In Hot Compressed Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic gasification of dry and wet biomass

Rossum¹,

Potic²,

Kersten³

et al. 2009

Catalysis Today

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“…The main objective of the work at the Batelle Pacific Northwest Laboratory [43] was the gasification of wet organic wastes and biomass waste preferably at subcritical conditions. Under these conditions, the major gas products are methane and carbon dioxide.…”

Section: Spin Off ± Further Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supercritical Water Oxidation: State of the Art

Schmieder¹,

Abeln²

1999

Chem. Eng. Technol.

128

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The oxidation of harmful organic compounds contained in aqueous waste effluents known as super critical water oxidation, SCWO, has been worked out since the 1980s. This highly efficient end of the pipe process operates at pressures and temperatures above 221 bar and 374 C, the critical point of water. R&D experience and the technological state including economical and regulatory aspects are reviewed and further R&D needs are discussed in this article. Future applications are also seen in coupling supercritical CO 2 extraction with oxidation to treat contaminated materials and in supercritical water gasification, SCWG, to convert biomass and organic wastes to hydrogen.

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“…Reactions in the supercritical water region are defined by radical mechanisms due to its physicochemical properties of gaslike diffusivity and liquid-like densities within a single-fluid phase [18,19,44]. Such parameters favor biomass gasification reactions, and particularly methanereforming reactions toward hydrogen production [45,46]. In essence, increasing reaction temperature leads to increased gasification efficiencies (GE), which in turn leads to increased hydrogen yields as shown in Fig.…”

Section: Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrothermal Gasification of Biomass for Hydrogen Production

Onwudili

2014

Green Chemistry and Sustainable Technology

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Over 90 % of the world's current hydrogen production capacity comes from the use of fossil fuels including coal, oil, and natural gas. In recent years, natural gas has become the major source of hydrogen. However, these fossil fuels are finite resources, produce greenhouse gases, and will eventually run out. Biomass presents a proven store of chemical energy, which can be converted into hydrogen by various processes. Hydrogen from biomass will be the world's cleanest fuel, being produced from a renewable carbon-neutral source and its combustion produces no carbon emissions. Hydrothermal gasification has the potential to produce high quality and high yield of hydrogen from, especially, very wet biomass feedstocks and particularly the carbohydrate-rich types. Water is an important reactant for hydrogen production in biomass HTG, thereby avoiding dewatering of wet feedstocks. The chemistry of hydrogen production from biomass HTG largely depends on the reforming of biomass into simple organic molecules that are capable of being gasified into carbon monoxide. Hydrogen is then produced via water-gas shift reaction. The developments of various reactor designs and catalysts for high hydrogen selectivities are ongoing at various research centers around the world. A great deal of knowledge about this process is available, however, there are still challenges regarding the stability and recovery of catalysts, preprocessing of biomass for continuous operations and other process optimization and intensification issues.

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Chemical processing in high-pressure aqueous environments. 1. Historical perspective and continuing developments

Cited by 87 publications

References 17 publications

Catalytic gasification of dry and wet biomass

Catalytic gasification of dry and wet biomass

Supercritical Water Oxidation: State of the Art

Hydrothermal Gasification of Biomass for Hydrogen Production

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