Chemical Processing of Wool: Sustainability Considerations

Hassan, Mohammad Mahbubul; Shao, Jian

doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.671.32

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Sources: DBW of cotton is the average of the data from Zhang et al 2015, Wang et al (2009), Yuan et al (2013). DBW of wool is the average of the data from Hassan and Shao (2015) and Wu and Liu (2014).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating the environmental and economic impacts of widespread adoption of potential technology solutions to reduce water use and pollution: Application to China's textile industry

Chen

Caro

Corbett

et al. 2019

Environmental Impact Assessment Review

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Numerous technologies are emerging to reduce water use and pollution in China's textile industry, including several that are promoted by the China National Textile and Apparel Council as cleaner technologies in their five-year development guideline published in 2016. Though these technologies appear promising, the complexity of the industry makes it difficult to predict and compare the environmental and economic impacts of widespread adoption of these technologies. We draw on existing studies to estimate the potential scale of applicability of these technologies, and then estimate the potential economic and environmental benefits of encouraging their widespread adoption. Several of them, if implemented on a large scale, could drastically reduce water use and pollution with a payback of less than a year. Our approach to estimating the environmental and economic impacts of widespread adoption of promising technologies is also relevant for impact assessment in other complex industries with a wide range of products and processes.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating the environmental and economic impacts of widespread adoption of potential technology solutions to reduce water use and pollution: Application to China's textile industry

Chen

Caro

Corbett

et al. 2019

Environmental Impact Assessment Review

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There have been concerns on the ethical, safe and eco-friendly collection, treatment, usage, and disposal of animal/human-sourced fibers for structural applications. These have led to the introduction of accreditation schemes [147], policy guidelines and government interventions [148] to ensure that the practices/processes are carried out under conditions that Table 3. Natural fiber reinforced composite (NFRC) applications in various market segments.…”

Section: Challenges and Outlookmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Fibers as Viable Sources for the Development of Structural, Semi-Structural, and Technological Materials – A Review

et al. 2019

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A systematic and critical review on the potentials and viability of naturally occurring fibers as suitable reinforcements for the development of composite systems for structural, semi-structural and technological materials is presented in this article. Globally, the movement towards greater protection of the environment and the use of cost-saving technologies has led to a surge in the consideration of natural (biodegradable) products for the development of technological materials. In this regard, natural fibers have been proven to be good substitutes to synthetic fibers for the development of composites-because they possess similar mechanical and physical characteristics, to the synthetic fibers. In addition, natural fibers are lighter non-toxic and biodegradable. It is on this premise that several studies on their use in a number of applications where composites are desirable have been reported. Therefore, this article discusses various types of natural fibers, their properties, and their applications in different technological domains. The documentation of this review is thought-provoking and provides challenges and future prospects in the development and application of natural fibers and their composites.

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“…Nowadays, conventional wool scouring is also raising environmental concerns similar to conventional solvent extraction because conventional aqueous wool scouring generates a very high pollution level [27]. In recent years, the need for pollution reduction from wool scouring has increased, and effective dirt removal, the replacement of hazardous chemicals, and subsequent water treatment to ensure minimal environmental contamination are major focus areas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Routes for Wool Grease Removal Using Green Solvent Cyclopentyl Methyl Ether in Solvent Extraction and Biosurfactant Wool Protein Hydrolyzate in Scouring

et al. 2023

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This work focuses on introducing new sustainable chemicals in the wool grease removal processes by aiming to understand the effect of an eco-friendly solvent, cyclopentyl methyl ether (CPME), in solvent-based wool grease extraction and, in addition, the impact of the wool protein hydrolyzate (WPH) as a biosurfactant derived from green hydrolysis in the wool scouring process. In the green solvent extraction process assisted using solvent CPME, the effect of CPME on grease extraction and the presence of four primary fatty acids were evaluated and compared with conventional solvents. The quantity of grease extracted using green solvent CPME was more significant than the conventional solvents. An extraction using green solvent CPME resulted in 11.95% extracted wool grease, which is more when compared with 8.19% hexane and 10.28% diethyl ether. The total quantity of four fatty acids was analyzed and found to be ~15% for CPME ~17% for Hexan compared with ~20% for commercial lanolin. FTIR of CPME-extracted wool grease exhibits primary and distinguishing bands similar to pure wool grease. Wool cleanliness efficiency was morphologically analyzed using SEM, resulting in no fiber degradation or surface alterations. These analyzes indicated that CPME has the potential to be claimed as an effective green alternative to conventional solvents for the extraction of grease and fatty acids. In a sustainable scouring process, WPH was used as a biosurfactant, an eco-friendly alternative. Furthermore, scouring process parameters such as temperature, material-to-liquor ratio, and WPH concentration were optimized for efficient scouring. The wool samples scoured using WPH biosurfactant exhibited nearly similar whiteness and yellowness and washing yield compared with Biotex AL. These results comply with SEM analysis, which showed that WPH-scoured wool had an intact scale structure, a smooth fiber surface, and no wool grease layer. At optimum conditions, WPH reduced the residual grease content of Sopravissana wool from 22.29% to 0.30%, comparable to the commercial biosurfactant Biotex AL. Compared with conventional wool grease removal processes, the green solvent CPME and biosurfactant WPH were considered viable, sustainable, and environmentally friendly alternatives.

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Chemical Processing of Wool: Sustainability Considerations

Cited by 15 publications

References 25 publications

Estimating the environmental and economic impacts of widespread adoption of potential technology solutions to reduce water use and pollution: Application to China's textile industry

Estimating the environmental and economic impacts of widespread adoption of potential technology solutions to reduce water use and pollution: Application to China's textile industry

Natural Fibers as Viable Sources for the Development of Structural, Semi-Structural, and Technological Materials – A Review

Sustainable Routes for Wool Grease Removal Using Green Solvent Cyclopentyl Methyl Ether in Solvent Extraction and Biosurfactant Wool Protein Hydrolyzate in Scouring

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