Chemical Profiling and Comparison of Sangju Ganmao Tablet and Its Component Herbs Using Two-Dimensional Liquid Chromatography to Explore Compatibility Mechanism of Herbs

Ji, Shuai; Liu, Zhanzhong; Wu, Jing; Du, Yan; Su, Zhenyu; Wang, Tianyun; Han, Jian; Yang, Dongzhi; Guo, Mengzhe; Tang, Daoquan

doi:10.3389/fphar.2018.01167

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…These results showed that the application of first-order chromatographic fingerprinting has limitations. Ji et al compared the profiles of compounds in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) tablets and their herbal components using 2D-LC-quadrupole-TOF (q-TOF) MS ( Ji et al, 2018 ). Fifty-four compounds were identified from the total 465 peaks found in the tablet samples.…”

Section: Applications Of Fingerprinting Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Fingerprint Analysis for Standardization and Quality Control of Herbal Medicines

2022

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Herbal drugs or herbal medicines (HMs) have a long-standing history as natural remedies for preventing and curing diseases. HMs have garnered greater interest during the past decades due to their broad, synergistic actions on the physiological systems and relatively lower incidence of adverse events, compared to synthetic drugs. However, assuring reproducible quality, efficacy, and safety from herbal drugs remains a challenging task. HMs typically consist of many constituents whose presence and quantity may vary among different sources of materials. Fingerprint analysis has emerged as a very useful technique to assess the quality of herbal drug materials and formulations for establishing standardized herbal products. Rather than using a single or two marker(s), fingerprinting techniques take great consideration of the complexity of herbal drugs by evaluating the whole chemical profile and extracting a common pattern to be set as a criterion for assessing the individual material or formulation. In this review, we described and assessed various fingerprinting techniques reported to date, which are applicable to the standardization and quality control of HMs. We also evaluated the application of multivariate data analysis or chemometrics in assisting the analysis of the complex datasets from the determination of HMs. To ensure that these methods yield reliable results, we reviewed the validation status of the methods and provided perspectives on those. Finally, we concluded by highlighting major accomplishments and presenting a gap analysis between the existing techniques and what is needed to continue moving forward.

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Section: Applications Of Fingerprinting Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Fingerprint Analysis for Standardization and Quality Control of Herbal Medicines

2022

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“…Water, water-methanol (1:1, v/v), and methanol were selected as the reference extraction solvent, and then the extraction procedures were repeated under the same conditions as DESs. All the extract solutions were filtered through a 0.45 µm membrane before HPLC analysis [25]. Three parallel experiments were performed.…”

Section: Coumarins Extraction From Cortex Fraxini By Deep Eutectic Somentioning

confidence: 99%

Green and enhanced extraction of coumarins from Cortex Fraxini by ultrasound‐assisted deep eutectic solvent extraction

Wang

et al. 2020

J of Separation Science

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Green and enhanced extraction of bioactive ingredients from medicinal plants has become a hot research field, and deep eutectic solvents have been considered as a novel kind of sustainable solvents in the extraction process. In this study, hydrogen bond acceptor (choline chloride, etc.) and hydrogen bond donor (l‐malic acid, etc.) were used to prepare different kinds of deep eutectic solvents to extract coumarins from Cortex Fraxini. The extraction conditions, including the composition and moisture content of deep eutectic solvents, extraction time, and liquid‐solid ratio, were systematically optimized basing on the extraction yield of coumarins. To further investigate the extraction mechanism, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was performed, and the microstructures of Cortex Fraxini powders were observed before and after extraction using scanning electron microscope. Results showed that the novel ultrasound‐assisted extraction with conditions of deep eutectic solvent containing betaine/glycerin (1:3), aqueous solution (20%), solid‐liquid ratio (15 mg/mL), and extraction time (30 min) exhibited the best extraction yields for the four target coumarins and much better extraction efficiency than with conventional solvent extractions. This suggests that the new ultrasound‐assisted deep eutectic solvent extraction could be used as a green and high‐efficient approach for extraction of the main coumarins from Cortex Fraxini.

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“…However, it exhibits slightly inferior effectiveness in relieving cough and resolving phlegm. 16 Therefore, drugs such as Baibu, Baiqian, and Aster are frequently added to strengthen the therapeutic effects of Sangju-Yin. Sangju cough mixture comprises Sangju-Yin plus Baiqian, Fritillaria thunbergii, Xanthium sibiricum, Scutellaria baicalensis , reed root, mulberry leaves, and chrysanthemum, which disperse wind-heat and relieve cough; almonds, Cynanchum glaucescens , and Platycodon grandiflorum , which lower lung qi and relieve cough; Fritillaria thunbergii and Scutellaria baicalensis , which disperse lung heat; and Forsythia suspensa and reed root, with heat-clearing, detoxifying, and thirst-quenching properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy and Influencing Factors of Sangju Cough Mixture in the Adjuvant Treatment of Adult Patients with Mycoplasma pneumoniae Infection: A Retrospective Study

Yang,

Liu,

Liu

et al. 2024

IDR

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Purpose Sangju-Yin, supplemented with some drugs, has frequently demonstrated therapeutic efficacy against colds, albeit its effect on Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) infection remains unknown. Therefore, we aimed to elucidate the treatment efficacy and influencing factors of a Sangju cough mixture on MP infection in adults. Patients and Methods Between January 2021 and December 2022, 150 adult patients with MP infection at the Lishui Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated with Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine were assigned to the treatment (administered Sangju cough mixture and moxifloxacin tablets) or the control (administered moxifloxacin tablets) groups. Results When compared with the control group, the treatment group exhibited significantly improved traditional Chinese medicine syndrome scores, increased CD4 + T cell levels, and decreased CD8 + T cell levels (all P < 0.05). After 7 days of treatment, the negative conversion rate of the MP-specific immunoglobulin M (MP-IgM) antibody of the treatment group was not significantly different from that of the control group ( P > 0.05); however, after 14 days of treatment, the rate was significantly higher in the treatment group ( P < 0.05). The univariate regression analysis revealed that combined chronic respiratory disease, failure to take Sangju cough mixture, combined pneumonia, Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS 2002) score of at least 3 points, and age were associated with the negative conversion of the MP-IgM antibody (all P < 0.05). Nevertheless, the multivariate regression model revealed that the NRS 2002 score of at least 3 points was not an independent risk factor ( P > 0.05). Conclusion Sangju cough mixture can improve symptoms, accelerate the negative conversion time of MP-IgM antibody, and promote rehabilitation of the patients.

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Chemical Profiling and Comparison of Sangju Ganmao Tablet and Its Component Herbs Using Two-Dimensional Liquid Chromatography to Explore Compatibility Mechanism of Herbs

Cited by 16 publications

References 28 publications

Advances in Fingerprint Analysis for Standardization and Quality Control of Herbal Medicines

Advances in Fingerprint Analysis for Standardization and Quality Control of Herbal Medicines

Green and enhanced extraction of coumarins from Cortex Fraxini by ultrasound‐assisted deep eutectic solvent extraction

Efficacy and Influencing Factors of Sangju Cough Mixture in the Adjuvant Treatment of Adult Patients with Mycoplasma pneumoniae Infection: A Retrospective Study

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