Chemical Species in Fly Ash from Coal-Burning Power Plants

Hulett, L.D.; Weinberger, Alycia J.; Northcutt, K. J.; Ferguson, M

doi:10.1126/science.210.4476.1356

Cited by 230 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…No diffusion or reaction within the clusters and the rest of the sample occurred probably because the coarse Ba-aluminates were in equilibrium at local level with Celsian, and thus, it was not possible to eliminate them by heat treatment. However, most of the BaAl 2 0 4 formed by the mechanism explained above was slowly consumed by reaction (15) in the temperature range of 900-1300 °C, involving the participation of free crystalline quartz and Si0 2 contained in the glassy phase, both of them present in the CFA. (15) At ^1300 °C the last BaSi 2 Os remaining could be also completely consumed by ALO3 contained in the remnant glassy phase of the CFA, according to reaction (8).…”

Section: Reaction Mechanism For the Formation Of Celsianmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CFA is a byproduct of coal-burning power plants, whose main chemical constituents are Si0 2 and A1 2 0 3 , and whose main mineralogical components are quartz, mullite (A16SÍ2O13) and a highly reactive amorphous phase [15]. Millions of Tons of CFA are produced all over the world each year, most of which are discarded, with minimum use mainly as additive for Portland cement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthesis of monoclinic Celsian from Coal Fly Ash by using a one-step solid-state reaction process

Long-González

López-Cuevas

Gutiérrez-Chavarría

et al. 2010

Ceramics International

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Monoclinic (Celsian) and hexagonal (Hexacelsian) Ba 1 _ JC Sr JC Al 2 Si 2 0 8 solid solutions, where x = 0,0.25,0.375,0.5,0.75 or 1, were synthesized by using Coal Fly Ash (CFA) as main raw material, employing a simple one-step solid-state reaction process involving thermal treatment for 5 h at 850-1300 °C. Fully monoclinic Celsian was obtained at 1200 °C/5 h, for SrO contents of 0.25 < x < 0.75. However, an optimum SrO level of 0.25 < x < 0.375 was recommended for the stabilization of Celsian. These synthesis conditions represent a significant improvement over the higher temperatures, longer times and/or multi-step processes needed to obtain fully monoclinic Celsian, when other raw materials are used for this purpose, according to previous literature. These results were attributed to the role of the chemical and phase constitution of CFA as well as to a likely mineralizing effect of CaO and Ti0 2 present in it, which enhanced the Hexacelsian to Celsian conversion.

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Section: Reaction Mechanism For the Formation Of Celsianmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of monoclinic Celsian from Coal Fly Ash by using a one-step solid-state reaction process

Long-González

López-Cuevas

Gutiérrez-Chavarría

et al. 2010

Ceramics International

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“…Mining is considered to be one of the most dangerous anthropogenic activities affecting soil quality. Another important factor is the presence of industrial sources of pollution, like smelters, coal burning plants or cement mills (Hulett et al 1980). Here, the distance from sources of pollution is essential (Albasel and Cottenie 1985).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geostatistical evaluation of lead and zinc concentration in soils of an old mining area with complex land management

Zawadzki

Fabijańczyk

2012

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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This study is aimed at detailed statistical and geostatistical investigation of lead and zinc concentration in an old mining area located in the eastern part of the Upper Silesian Industrial Region. This area is rich in lead and zinc ores whose intense extraction dates back to the tenth century AD. The complexity of the area results from historical and current mining activities, as well as from a variety of different types of land management and complex geological conditions. Almost 1,000 collected soil cores were divided into two subsets: those collected at the depth of up to 20 cm and the those collected at the depth from 40 to 60 cm. Extensive analyses considered geological substrata in terms of spatial variability and spatial distributions, the type of land management, geoaccumulation indexes and enrichment factors. Lead and zinc concentration was several times higher on depths ranging from 40 to 60 cm beneath the soil surface than in the 20-cm topsoil. The results showed that clearer spatial dependence was observed for deeper soil layers then for the topmost ones, especially near mines where anthropogenic factors predominated over lithogenic ones. Weak spatial dependence was accompanied by high values of the geoaccumulation index. The lowest concentrations of pollution with geoaccumulation index below 0 and enrichment factor up to 5 observed in the forest were caused by low anthropogenic pressure and the presence of sandy soils, less capable of accumulating heavy metals.

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“…Ugurlu (2004) indicated that the main problem related to fly ash disposal was the residue heavy metal content. Numerous experimental studies show that toxic trace metals can be leached from fly ash (Georgakopoulos et al 2002;Baba and Kaya 2004;Baba and Ayyıldız 2006;Burcu et al 1997;Campbell et al 1978;Davison et al 1974;Gehrs et al 1979;Hulett et al 1980;Hansen and Fisher 1980;Klein et al 1975).…”

Section: Mining Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Groundwater contamination and its effect on health in Turkey

Baba

Tayfur

2011

Environ Monit Assess

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The sources of groundwater pollution in Turkey are identified, and pathways of contaminants to groundwater are first described. Then, the effects of groundwater quality on health in Turkey are evaluated. In general, sources of groundwater contamination fall into two main categories: natural and anthropogenic sources. Important sources of natural groundwater pollution in Turkey include geological formations, seawater intrusion, and geothermal fluid(s). The major sources of anthropogenic groundwater contamination are agricultural activities, mining waste, industrial waste, on-site septic tank systems, and pollution from imperfect well constructions. The analysis results revealed that natural contamination due to salt and gypsum are mostly found in Central and Mediterranean regions and arsenic in Aegean region. Geothermal fluids which contain fluoride poses a danger for skeleton, dental, and bone problems, especially in the areas of Denizli, Isparta, and Aydın. Discharges from surface water bodies contaminate groundwater by infiltration. Evidence of such contamination is found in Upper Kızılırmak basin, Gediz basin, and Büyük Melen river basin and some drinking A. Baba (B) · G. Tayfur Department of Civil Engineering, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla,İzmir, Turkey e-mail: alperbaba@iyte.edu.tr water reservoirs inİstanbul. Additionally, seawater intrusion causes groundwater quality problems in coastal regions, especially in the Aegean coast. Industrial wastes are also polluting surface and groundwater in industrialized regions of Turkey. Deterioration of water quality as a result of fertilizers and pesticides is another major problem especially in the regions of Mediterranean, Aegean, Central Anatolia, and Marmara. Abandoned mercury mines in the western regions of Turkey, especially in Çanakkale,İzmir, Mugla, Kütahya, and Balıkesir, cause serious groundwater quality problems.

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Chemical Species in Fly Ash from Coal-Burning Power Plants

Cited by 230 publications

References 5 publications

Synthesis of monoclinic Celsian from Coal Fly Ash by using a one-step solid-state reaction process

Synthesis of monoclinic Celsian from Coal Fly Ash by using a one-step solid-state reaction process

Geostatistical evaluation of lead and zinc concentration in soils of an old mining area with complex land management

Groundwater contamination and its effect on health in Turkey

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