Chemical species of cesium and iodine in condensed vaporized microparticles formed by melting nuclear fuel components with concrete materials

Ohnuki, Toshihiko; Ye, Jian; Kato, Tomoaki; Liu, Jiang; Takano, Masahide; Kozai, Naofumi; Utsunomiya, Satoshi

doi:10.1039/d3em00074e

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 61 publications

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“…Preliminary investigations have demonstrated the feasibility of generating microparticles resembling CsMPs in shape and size, along with a comparable chemical composition, through small-scale MCCI experiments ( 20 g of reagents) in the VITI furnace at the CEA Cadarache 24 . Simultaneously, another research team observed similar results while simulating MCCI using a distinctly different experimental setup 25 . Consequently, additional experiments in the VITI furnace, coupled with more in-depth analyses, have been conducted to reinforce the theoretical framework and gain a nuanced understanding of the generation mechanism of type-A particles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Origin and generation mechanism of type-A Cs-bearing microparticles from Fukushima Daiichi

Laffolley,

Journeau,

Grambow

2023

Preprint

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The Fukushima Daiichi accident resulted in the release of a novel form of radioactive Cs contamination into the environment, called Cs-bearing microparticles (CsMP). CsMPs constitute a substantial portion of the radioactive pollution near the nuclear power station and traveled beyond several hundred kilometers. Extensive characterization of the CsMPs revealed an amorphous silica matrix, along with Cs and other minor or trace elements such as Fe and Zn. This study explores the unclear generation mechanism of CsMPs by conducting experimental molten core concrete interactions (MCCI) as a source of Si and analyzing the resultant aerosols. The findings demonstrate that MCCI is in capacity to produce spherical submicronic and micronic particles, primarily composed of amorphous silica and incorporating elements akin to CsMPs. A humid atmosphere is found to favour an even closer chemical composition. Examination of the internal structure of the synthesized particles unveils numerous crystalline nanoinclusions, similar to those observed in CsMPs, possibly serving as nucleation sites for CsMP formation through the condensation of Si-rich vapors.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Origin and generation mechanism of type-A Cs-bearing microparticles from Fukushima Daiichi

Laffolley,

Journeau,

Grambow

2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Simulant molten core–concrete interaction experiments in view of understanding Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station Cs-bearing particles generation mechanism

Laffolley,

Journeau,

Grambow

2024

Sci Rep

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The Fukushima Daiichi accident resulted in the release of a novel form of radioactive Cs contamination into the environment, called Cs-bearing microparticles (CsMP). CsMPs constitute a substantial portion of the radioactive pollution near the nuclear power station and traveled beyond several hundred kilometers. Extensive characterization of the CsMPs revealed an amorphous silica matrix, along with Cs and other minor or trace elements such as Fe and Zn. This study explores the unclear generation mechanism of CsMPs by conducting experimental molten core concrete interactions (MCCI) as a source of Si and analyzing the resultant aerosols. The findings demonstrate that MCCI is in capacity to produce spherical submicronic and micronic particles, primarily composed of amorphous silica and incorporating elements akin to CsMPs. A humid atmosphere is found to favour an even closer chemical composition. Examination of the internal structure of the synthesized particles unveils pores and numerous crystalline nanoinclusions possibly serving as nucleation sites for CsMP formation through the condensation of Si-rich vapors.

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Analytical capabilities for iodine detection: Review of possibilities for different applications

Riley,

Beck,

Evarts

et al. 2024

AIP Advances

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This Review summarizes a range of analytical techniques that can be used to detect, quantify, and/or distinguish between isotopes of iodine (e.g., long-lived 129I, short-lived 131I, stable 127I). One reason this is of interest is that understanding potential radioiodine release from nuclear processes is crucial to prevent environmental contamination and to protect human health as it can incorporate into the thyroid leading to cancer. It is also of interest for evaluating iodine retention performances of next-generation iodine off-gas capture materials and long-term waste forms for immobilizing radioiodine for disposal in geologic repositories. Depending upon the form of iodine (e.g., molecules, elemental, and ionic) and the matter state (i.e., solid, liquid, and gaseous), the available options can vary. In addition, several other key parameters vary between the methods discussed herein, including the destructive vs nondestructive nature of the measurement process (including in situ vs ex situ measurement options), the analytical data collection times, and the amount of sample required for analysis.

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Chemical species of cesium and iodine in condensed vaporized microparticles formed by melting nuclear fuel components with concrete materials

Abstract: The condensed vaporized microparticles (CVMPs) were formed by melting CsI with concrete. After the water treatment of CVMPs, some portions of Cs remained with Si in the CVMPs, even though most of the Cs and I were dissolved.

Cited by 3 publications

References 61 publications

Origin and generation mechanism of type-A Cs-bearing microparticles from Fukushima Daiichi

Origin and generation mechanism of type-A Cs-bearing microparticles from Fukushima Daiichi

Simulant molten core–concrete interaction experiments in view of understanding Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station Cs-bearing particles generation mechanism

Analytical capabilities for iodine detection: Review of possibilities for different applications

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