Chemical Studies on Lichens. 5. Separation and Identification of the Antipodes of Usnic Acid by Thin Layer Chromatography.

Bendz, Gerd; Bohman, Gerd; Santesson, Johan; Holmberg, Pär; Eriksson, G.; Blinc, R.; Paušak, S.; Ehrenberg, L.; Dumanović, J.

doi:10.3891/acta.chem.scand.21-1376

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…TLC has been used to study specifi c groups of lichen products (Bendz et al, 1965(Bendz et al, , 1966(Bendz et al, , 1967Santesson, 1965Santesson, , 1967a. Different authors used different solvent systems and chromatographic conditions, making it impossible to compare their results.…”

Section: The Development Of Analytical Methods (And Their Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Results on Biological Activities of Lichen Secondary Metabolites: a Review

Molnár

Farkas

2010

Zeitschrift Für Naturforschung C

392

272

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Lichens are symbiotic organisms of fungi and algae or cyanobacteria. Lichen-forming fungi synthesize a great variety of secondary metabolites, many of which are unique. Developments in analytical techniques and experimental methods have resulted in the identifi cation of about 1050 lichen substances (including those found in cultures). In addition to their role in lichen chemotaxonomy and systematics, lichen secondary compounds have several possible biological roles, including photoprotection against intense radiation, as well as allelochemical, antiviral, antitumor, antibacterial, antiherbivore, and antioxidant action. These compounds are also important factors in metal homeostasis and pollution tolerance of lichen thalli. Although our knowledge of the contribution of these extracellular products to the success of the lichen symbiosis has increased signifi cantly in the last decades, their biotic and abiotic roles have not been entirely explored.

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Section: The Development Of Analytical Methods (And Their Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Results on Biological Activities of Lichen Secondary Metabolites: a Review

Molnár

Farkas

2010

Zeitschrift Für Naturforschung C

392

272

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“…9 Its presence has also been reported in apothecia and pycnidia (spermagonia). 10 The distribution and quantification of secondary metabolites have been determined by thin layer chromatography, [11][12][13][14] high performance liquid chromatography, [14][15][16] micellar electrokinetic chromatography 17 and reverse polarity capillary zone electrophoresis. 18 Since all of these techniques require dissection and homogenization of each specific tissue, the techniques provide information on the total content of each tissue but not on the distribution of UA within each tissue.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In situ imaging of usnic acid in selected Cladonia spp. by vibrational spectroscopy

Liao

Piercey‐Normore

Sorensen

et al. 2010

Analyst

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In this study, we demonstrate the first in situ detection of usnic acid (UA) in selected species of the lichen Cladonia, using FPA-FTIR imaging and Raman microscopy. Fruticose lichens present a variety of defensive mechanisms, one of which is the production of UA. This polyketide secondary metabolite, produced by certain lichenized fungi, has a protective function for the lichen that includes a strong absorption in the ultraviolet range. Upon confirming the distinct spectral signature of UA in lichen tissue, we mapped its distribution in Cladonia arbuscula, Cladonia uncialis and Cladonia sulphurina tissues. Spectroscopic images were obtained from cryosectioned lichen fragments embedded in media and from hand-sectioned fragments that were media-free. UA was present in the pycnidia, and younger walls of C. arbuscula and C. uncialis, the spore-producing region of a C. uncialis apothecium, and in both the younger and older soredia of C. sulphurina. The localization of UA in lichens is an important precursor to future work that includes the identification of the gene cluster responsible for its biosynthesis. Our results show that FTIR and Raman imaging can be an effective way to study the distribution of natural products in lichens with micron-scale precision.

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“…Thin-layer chromatography is a simple fast sensitive and inexpensive solid-liquid analytical technique. TLC has been used to identify lichen compounds and study the specific group of lichen (mycobiont) secondary metabolites (Bendz et al, 1967;Molnar and Farkas, 2010). The fraction of U. longissima was immersed in acetone solvent and left for 15-20 minutes.…”

Section: Thin-layer Chromatographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Some Traditional Therapeutic Properties of Usnea Longissima (Ascomycota, Lichenized Fungi): Antimicrobial, Antiquorum and Antioxidant

Bharti¹,

Nayaka²,

Kumar

2022

J microb biotech food sci

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Usnea longissima, fruticose lichen growing in the temperate region, is well known traditional medicinal herb and a reservoir of some unique secondary metabolites. Traditionally it has been commonly used as an antimicrobial agent for the treatment of ailments like tuberculosis, ulcers and skin diseases, etc. In our study, we evaluate antimicrobial, antiquorum sensing (QS) and antioxidant activity of Usnea longissima secondary metabolites extracted in acetone, methanol, and 70% hydroalcoholic solvents. Antimicrobial activity of extracts was evaluated against fungus (Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans) and six bacterial (Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aerogenosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans) strains. Whereas anti-QS activity was tested against biosensor strain Chromobacterium violaceum (CV) MCC 2290 and antibiofilm activity was checked in two gram-negative bacteria (P. aeruginosa and E. coli), two gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus) and fungus (Candida albicans). Results of experimental data indicated that methanolic extract exhibited maximum activity against A. tumefaciens (24±0.2 mm) and C. albicans (30±0.3 mm) with the minimum inhibitory concentration of 300µg/mL and 200µg/mL respectively. Interestingly, we also observed that all extracts effectively inhibited quorum sensing in C. violaceum and biofilm formation in Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aerogenosa, Staphylococcus aureus, at the concentration (100-300 µg/mL), for Candida albicans (50-150 µg/mL). Usnea longissima extract showed strong reducing power and hydroxyl radical activity and low DPPH scavenging activity. The present study suggested that U. longissima possesses potential antimicrobial and antiquorum sensing activity. These biological properties could be attributed to its significant antioxidant potential which validates its traditional use as an antimicrobial herbal source.

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Chemical Studies on Lichens. 5. Separation and Identification of the Antipodes of Usnic Acid by Thin Layer Chromatography.

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Current Results on Biological Activities of Lichen Secondary Metabolites: a Review

Current Results on Biological Activities of Lichen Secondary Metabolites: a Review

In situ imaging of usnic acid in selected Cladonia spp. by vibrational spectroscopy

Evaluation of Some Traditional Therapeutic Properties of Usnea Longissima (Ascomycota, Lichenized Fungi): Antimicrobial, Antiquorum and Antioxidant

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