Chemical studies on the oriental plant drugs—XXIV

Nagai, Yoshio; Tanaka, Osamu; Shibata, Shoji

doi:10.1016/s0040-4020(01)92488-3

Cited by 81 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Ginsenosides were isolated and purified from the roots of Punus ginscvzg C. A. Meyer by the procedure of Shibata and co-workers (Sanada et ul., 1974;Nagai et al, 1971). The chemical structures of ginsenosides used in this work are shown below.…”

Section: Materials a N D Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of adipose differentiation of mouse 3T3‐L1 fibroblasts by ginsenosides

Sekiya

Okuda

Hotta

et al. 1987

Phytotherapy Research

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Some ginsenosides, extracted and purified from the roots of Punax ginseng C. A. Meyer, stimulated adipose differentiation of mouse 3T3-Ll fibroblasts. Ginsenoside Rb, induced adipose differentiation of 3T3-Ll cells in a culture medium supplemented with 20% fetal calf serum, but not in one with 10% fetal calf serum. Furthermore, ginsenoside Rb, enhanced adipose differentiation induced by insulin or dexamethasone plus 1-methyl-3-isobutylxanthine (DEX-MIX). Other ginsenosides such as ginsenoside Rd and Rh, also enhanced DEX-MIX-induced adipose differentiation, but ginsenosides Re, Rg, and Ro had no effect. These results suggest that there is a clear structur+ activity relationship to the 20( S)-protopanaxadiol aglycone group only in stimulation of adipose differentiation.

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Section: Materials a N D Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of adipose differentiation of mouse 3T3‐L1 fibroblasts by ginsenosides

Sekiya

Okuda

Hotta

et al. 1987

Phytotherapy Research

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“…The chemical structures of the individual ginsenosides have been identified. [6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Based on the ginsenoside aglycone, the ginsenosides can be classified into three groups: the protopanaxadiol-type; protopanaxatriol-type; and oleanolic acidtype saponins. …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Purification and Characterization of Ginsenoside-.BETA.-Glucosidase from Ginseng.

Zhang

Bao

et al. 2001

CHEMICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN

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Ginseng, the root of Panax ginseng C. A. MEYER, is a medicinal plant used worldwide and has been reported to have various biological effects.1-3) Ginsenosides isolated from ginseng are the main pharmacoactive molecules of ginseng.4) They exhibit efficacy as anticancer, antistress, antihypertention, antidiabetes, and antinociception agents, and facilitate learning and improve weakness as tonics.5) More than 34 ginsenosides, triterpene-derivatives containing sugars, have been isolated from the ginseng saponin fraction. The chemical structures of the individual ginsenosides have been identified. [6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Based on the ginsenoside aglycone, the ginsenosides can be classified into three groups: the protopanaxadiol-type; protopanaxatriol-type; and oleanolic acidtype saponins. 13)Recently, ginsenoside Rh2, a rare saponin contained in wild ginseng and red ginseng, has attracted attention because of its high inhibition of cancer cell growth.14) The ginsenoside Rh2 inhibited the growth of B16 melanoma cells, 15,16) and inhibited the tumor growth of human ovarian cancer cells inoculated into nude mice to the same extent as cis-diamminedichloroplatinum. 17,18) However, it is very difficult to obtain the ginsenoside Rh2 from wild and red ginseng, because its content is low. We reported that ginsenoside Rh2 was obtained from ginsenoside-b-glucosidase from the newly isolated microorganism FFCDL-48 strain by hydrolyzing the other protopanaxadiol saponins such as ginsenoside Rg3 into ginsenoside Rh2,19) as shown in Fig. 1. In this study, the ginsenoside-b-glucosidase in the ginseng plant which hydrolyzes the b-(1→ 2)-glucoside bond of ginsenosides was isolated, purified, and characterized. ExperimentalMaterials The ginseng root used was 4-year-old ginseng from the No. 1 Ginseng Plant of Fusong, Jilin Province, China. The standard 20(S)-ginsenoside Rg3, 20(S)-ginsenoside Rh2, and other ginsenosides were obtained from the Academy of Science of D.P.R. Korea. The thin-layer chromatography (TLC) plate was a silica gel plate Merck).Enzyme Extraction from Ginseng The fresh ginseng was broken into pieces and added to a 3-fold volume of 20 mM acetate buffer, pH 5.0. It was extracted at 40°C for 2 h and the supernatant was obtained by centrifugation for use in saponin enzyme purification.Purification of Ginsenoside-b b-Glucosidase and Estimation of Molecular Weight Pellets of (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 were slowly added to the supernatant extracted from fresh ginseng with shaking to 70% saturation and stored at 4°C overnight. The mixture was centrifuged to collect the protein precipitate. This crude protein was dissolved in distilled water and dialyzed against 20 mM acetate buffer, pH 5.0. After removing the nondissolved fraction by centrifugation, the enzyme solution was fractionated on a column (f1.5ϫ 10 cm) of DEAE-cellulose DE-52 (Whatman). The column was eluted stepwise with 60, 120, 180, and 240 mM KCl in 20 mM Tris-HCl buffer, pH 7.4. The purified enzyme was dried by freeze-drying and used for the study of enzyme properties. Th...

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“…Chikusetsusaponin FK 1 (1) was a white amorphous powder with negative optical rotation ( H-and 13 C-NMR spectra were resembled to those of ginsenoside Re (12), except for the signals due to the C-12 and C-20 positions, which were similar to those of chikusetsusaponin L 10 (18). This evidence indicated that 1 should be a 6,12-O-bisdesmoside of 20(S)-protopanaxatriol.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In this paper, we report the isolation and structure elucidation of seven new dammarane-type triterpenoid saponins, chikusetsusaponin FK 1 -FK 7 (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7), from the fruits of P. japonicus C. A. MEYER, collected in Kumamoto prefecture, Japan, together with eleven known triterpenoid saponins, ginsenoside Rb 3 4) (9), ginsenoside Rc 5,6) (10), chikusetsusaponin VI 7) (11), ginsenoside Re 8,9) (12), ginsenoside Rg 1 10,11) (13), pseudo-ginsenoside RS 1 9) (14), notoginsenoside R1 12) (15), chikusetsusaponin L 5 1) (17), chikusetsusaponin L 10 1) (18), chikusetsusaponin IVa 13) (19), and chikusetsusaponin V 14) (20). In addition, we also report two new dammarane-type triterpenoid saponin, chikusetsusaponin FK 5 (5) and chikusetsusaponin FM 1 (8), from the fruits of P. japonicus C. A. MEYER, collected in Miyazaki prefecture, Japan, together with five known triterpenoid saponins, ginsenoside Rb 3 (9), ginsenoside Rc (10), ginsenoside Re (12), ginsenoside Rg 1 (13), and floralquinquenoside E 15) (16).…”

mentioning

confidence: 79%

New Triterpenoid Saponins from Fruits Specimens of Panax japonicus Collected in Kumamoto and Miyazaki Prefectures (1)

Yoshizaki

Yahara

2012

CHEMICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN

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Chemical studies on the oriental plant drugs—XXIV

Cited by 81 publications

References 17 publications

Enhancement of adipose differentiation of mouse 3T3‐L1 fibroblasts by ginsenosides

Enhancement of adipose differentiation of mouse 3T3‐L1 fibroblasts by ginsenosides

Purification and Characterization of Ginsenoside-.BETA.-Glucosidase from Ginseng.

New Triterpenoid Saponins from Fruits Specimens of Panax japonicus Collected in Kumamoto and Miyazaki Prefectures (1)

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