Chemical Topology<sup>1</sup>

Frisch, H. L.; Wasserman, E.

doi:10.1021/ja01479a015

Cited by 618 publications

(585 citation statements)

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“…In the more than 50 years since the field of chemical topology (Frisch & Wasserman 1961) was defined, considerable advances have been made in the preparation of MIMs, not least of all in the area of template-directed synthesis. Be the synthetic strategy a stepwise one under kinetic control or an all-in-one reversible self-assembly process under thermodynamic control, supramolecular chemistry plays a significant role-through metal cation coordination, anion binding, hydrogen bonding, host-guest chemistry, radical-radical interactions and more-endowing MIMs with functionality that lives on well after their synthesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The product was identified as the [2]catenane 3 because, upon cleavage of the acyloin ring, the deuterated cycloalkane was set free and could once again be isolated and characterized. This synthesis heralded the beginning of the field of chemical topology (Frisch & Wasserman 1961)-i.e. the study of molecules with non-trivial topologies.…”

Section: Synthetic Approaches To Mechanically Interlocked Moleculesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanostereochemistry and the mechanical bond

2012

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The chemistry of mechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs), in which two or more covalently linked components are held together by mechanical bonds, has led to the coining of the term mechanostereochemistry to describe a new field of chemistry that embraces many aspects of MIMs, including their syntheses, properties, topologies where relevant and functions where operative. During the rapid development and emergence of the field, the synthesis of MIMs has witnessed the forsaking of the early and grossly inefficient statistical approaches for template-directed protocols, aided and abetted by molecular recognition processes and the tenets of self-assembly. The resounding success of these synthetic protocols, based on templation, has facilitated the design and construction of artificial molecular switches and machines, resulting more and more in the creation of integrated functional systems. This review highlights (i) the range of template-directed synthetic methods being used currently in the preparation of MIMs; (ii) the syntheses of topologically complex knots and links in the form of stable molecular compounds; and (iii) the incorporation of bistable MIMs into many different device settings associated with surfaces, nanoparticles and solid-state materials in response to the needs of particular applications that are perceived to be fair game for mechanostereochemistry.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Synthetic Approaches To Mechanically Interlocked Moleculesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanostereochemistry and the mechanical bond

2012

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“…Use of -catena-as an italicized connective for the [2]catenane component of the generic name format is recommended in accord with use of -rotaxa-as a connective. The principles recommended in Section ROT-4.3.4 for "daisy-chain" rotaxanes can be followed to create names of catenanes composed of equal components.…”

Section: ]{[2][name Of Threading Component]-rotaxa-[name Of the [2]cmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The principles recommended in Section ROT-4.3.4 for "daisy-chain" rotaxanes can be followed to create names of catenanes composed of equal components. Thus, the [2]catenane composed of two equal components can be named according to the following generic format: [2][catena-(name of the catena component)] Analogously, the generic name for [3]rotaxanes of type 11 can be constructed according to the following format: This generic name unambiguously describes all components and the composition of catenarotaxanes of type 11. A specification of possible isomers of catenarotaxanes of type 11 with prefixes is described in Section ROT-5.4.…”

Section: ]{[2][name Of Threading Component]-rotaxa-[name Of the [2]cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nomenclature for rotaxanes and pseudorotaxanes (IUPAC Recommendations 2008)

Yerin¹,

Wilks²,

Moss

et al. 2008

Pure and Applied Chemistry

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Republication or reproduction of this report or its storage and/or dissemination by electronic means is Nomenclature for rotaxanes and pseudorotaxanes (IUPAC Recommendations 2008)Abstract: Expanded definitions of rotaxanes and pseudorotaxanes, their components, and other terms concerning rotaxanes are given. The uniform classification and nomenclature principles for naming different types of rotaxanes and pseudorotaxanes are described and illustrated with examples. Recommendations are provided for unambiguous description of rotaxane isomerism with special descriptors that include information about position of rotaxane components.

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“…This lead to the development of a number of pioneering methods to increase the mechanical strength of polymer gels. [11][12][13][14][15] Fabrication of sliding gels in which the cross-linking points can slide through the polymer axle has been the most promising one due to their facile syntheses, bio-compatibility and possibilities of modification of hydroxyl group of polyrotaxane [16][17][18] by different functional groups. Gels of this kind are regarded as intermediates between physical and chemical gels where the network is formed by strong covalent interactions among polymer chains like chemical gels and the gels reorient its cross-linking points under deformation like physical gels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrophobic and hydrophilic polyrotaxane based movable cross-linkers for thermo-sensitive poly(<i>N</i>-isopropylacrylamide) gels

Imran

Seki

Ito

et al. 2010

Trans. Mat. Res. Soc. Japan

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A novel hydrogel has been fabricated using vinyl modified polyrotaxane as a cross-linker. A sparsely dispersed propylene oxide modified α-cyclodextrins which were threaded into the long polyethylene glycol (Mw = 35000) and were trapped by bulky 1-adamantanamine molecules was used as a hydrophilic polyrotaxane, HPR. HPR was modified by a small amount 2-acryloyloxyethylisocyanate monomer to obtain a water soluble polyrotaxane-based movable cross-linker, MHPR. Polymer gels, prepared by free radical polymerization of thermo-sensitive monomer N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPA) in presence of MHPR cross-linker, gave transparent, soft and flexible, mechanically strong and fast thermo-sensitive gels. The gel changes its volume isotropically and reaches rapidly to the equilibrium shrunken state after a temperature jump. The hydrophilicity of the cross-linker retains the homogeneity in the gel network and restricts the formation of aggregated globules, which permits the poly(NIPA) chains along with macrocycles to move or rotate freely inside the gel networks under deformation. The movability of the cross-links can strongly minimize their localized stress during deformation. The fascinating characteristics of the gel was compared and contrasted with the gels prepared using using hydrophobic polyrotaxane-based multifunctional and bi-functional N,N'-methylene-bis-acrylamide cross-linkers.

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Chemical Topology¹

Cited by 618 publications

References 2 publications

Mechanostereochemistry and the mechanical bond

Mechanostereochemistry and the mechanical bond

Nomenclature for rotaxanes and pseudorotaxanes (IUPAC Recommendations 2008)

Hydrophobic and hydrophilic polyrotaxane based movable cross-linkers for thermo-sensitive poly(<i>N</i>-isopropylacrylamide) gels

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Chemical Topology1

Cited by 618 publications

References 2 publications

Mechanostereochemistry and the mechanical bond

Mechanostereochemistry and the mechanical bond

Nomenclature for rotaxanes and pseudorotaxanes (IUPAC Recommendations 2008)

Hydrophobic and hydrophilic polyrotaxane based movable cross-linkers for thermo-sensitive poly(<i>N</i>-isopropylacrylamide) gels

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Resources

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Chemical Topology¹