Chemical Treatment of Beko Disease in &lt;i&gt;Seriola&lt;/i&gt; Fishes: Laboratory Trials of Commercially Available Fishery and Veterinary Medicines

Yanagi, Soetsu; Satoh, Jun; Mekata, Tohru; Sakai, Takamitsu; Kawakami, Hidemasa; Harakawa, Shogo; Shirakashi, Sho; Hamano, Shogo; Fukudome, Kei; Wada, Kazuhiko; Yamasaki, Masatoshi; Nishioka, Toyohiro; Nakayasu, Chihaya; Mori, Koichiro

doi:10.3147/jsfp.56.62

Cited by 10 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 27 publications

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“…Infection of P. hyphessobryconis in the zebrafish Danio rerio , an important model animal, has been confirmed in research facilities (Sanders et al ., 2010 ), and thus this microsporidian is listed as a target pathogen in the health monitoring programme of zebrafish. In Japan, Microsporidium seriolae has been causing great economic losses to amberjack farming, mainly because of the unsightly cysts in the somatic muscle of the infected fish (Yokoyama, 2017 ; Yanagi et al ., 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular and morphological description of a novel microsporidian Inodosporus fujiokai n. sp. infecting both salmonid fish and freshwater prawns

et al. 2022

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A new microsporidian disease of cultured rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss has recently been confirmed in Japan, and the causative species was tentatively designated as Microsporidium sp. RBT-2021. Involvement of common prawn Palaemon paucidens in its transmission was suggested based on the previous feeding trials, although the microsporidian infection in P. paucidens was not confirmed. In this study, P. paucidens in Lake Biwa, Japan was investigated for microsporidian infection and 4 types of spores (types 1-4) were newly found. The nucleotide sequence of the small subunit ribosomal RNA gene was identical between type 1 and Microsporidium sp. RBT-2021, indicating they are conspecific. However, intriguingly, the spore morphology and the mode of development in fish and prawn were strikingly different. Morphological observations revealed type 1 in the prawn possesses characteristics of the genus Inodosporus Overstreet and Weidner, 1974, while Microsporidium sp. RBT-2021 in the trout exhibited the characteristics of the genus Kabatana Lom, Dyková and Tonguthai, 2000. In the phylogeny, type 1 was placed within a clade comprising Kabatana spp. and Inodosporus octosporus. Based on the morphological and molecular analyses, we describe Microsporidium sp. RBT-2021 as Inodosporus fujiokai n. sp. Together with the success of the previous prawn-feeding trials, this study strongly suggests I. fujiokai n. sp. has a multi-host life cycle utilizing fish and crustacean hosts and different modes of development in each host. Such polymorphic life cycle has barely been known among fish microsporidians. This study also suggests that the genus Kabatana is a junior synonym of the genus Inodosporus. 2Tetsuya Yanagida et al.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular and morphological description of a novel microsporidian Inodosporus fujiokai n. sp. infecting both salmonid fish and freshwater prawns

et al. 2022

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First report of Pleistophora hyphessobryconis infection in medaka Oryzias latipes, an important ornamental and laboratory fish in Japan

Fujiwara,

Kawano,

Sonoda

et al. 2024

Parasitology International

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Investigation of safety and efficacy of febantel and fenbendazole in fish and exposure assessment

Kim,

Shin

et al. 2024

Appl Biol Chem

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Fish are susceptible to blood-sucking parasite infections, which cause severe anemia, dyspnea, and ultimately death. However, veterinary drugs available for fish to treat such infectious diseases are lacking; thus, livestock drugs have been repurposed as aquatic animal drugs. Febantel (FBT) and fenbendazole (FBZ) are representative antiparasitic agents for livestock such as cattle, swine, and poultry, and are considered suitable as aquatic animal drugs. Therefore, we investigated the safety and efficacy of FBT and FBZ in fish and performed a risk assessment to determine the maximum residue limit in fish. Most studies indicate that FBT is rapidly converted to FBZ, which is metabolized to oxfendazole and oxfendazole sulfone. FBZ was frequently detectable in the plasma and tissues (e.g., muscle, skin, and the liver) in significant quantities than other metabolites. We regarded the liver as the target organ because reversible hepatocytic changes were observed in fish after administration of 100 mg/kg FBT for 9 days. No toxicological effects, such as increased mortality or decreased appetite, were observed when the fish were administered 50 mg/kg FBT for 3 days. The efficacy of the drugs was verified in various parasites, including H. heterocerca, H. okamotoi or Z. japonica, and M. seriolae, as causative agents of beko disease through laboratory and field trials. Although toxicity studies on FBZ in fish are limited, its safety has been demonstrated from toxicity studies in a wide range of animal models. The risk from using FBT and FBZ was negligible for human health because the ratio of the estimates of dietary exposure and acceptable daily intake was 78.4%.

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Chemical Treatment of Beko Disease in <i>Seriola</i> Fishes: Laboratory Trials of Commercially Available Fishery and Veterinary Medicines

Cited by 10 publications

References 27 publications

Molecular and morphological description of a novel microsporidian Inodosporus fujiokai n. sp. infecting both salmonid fish and freshwater prawns

Molecular and morphological description of a novel microsporidian Inodosporus fujiokai n. sp. infecting both salmonid fish and freshwater prawns

First report of Pleistophora hyphessobryconis infection in medaka Oryzias latipes, an important ornamental and laboratory fish in Japan

Investigation of safety and efficacy of febantel and fenbendazole in fish and exposure assessment

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