Chemically Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes as Substrates for Neuronal Growth

Hu, Hui; Ni, Yingchun; Montana, Vedrana; Haddon, Robert C.; Parpura, Vladimir

doi:10.1021/nl035193d

Cited by 647 publications

(479 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Development in micro-nano-technology has brought in several new tools for engineering the patterning of cell adhesion and morphogenesis [9][10][11][12][13]. Many cell types have been successfully patterned with microfluidics [14][15][16], lCP [17], inkjet printing [18,19], plasma treatment [20], self-assembled monolayers [21][22][23][24], self-assembled constructs [25], laser scanning lithography [26], atomic force microscope lithography, dip-pen nanolithography [27], topography [28,29], carbon nano-tubes [30], or their combinations [31,32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Coating as a Key Parameter in Engineering Neuronal Network Structures In Vitro

et al. 2012

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By quantitatively comparing a variety of macromolecular surface coating agents, we discovered that surface coating strongly modulates the adhesion and morphogenesis of primary hippocampal neurons and serves as a switch of somata clustering and neurite fasciculation in vitro. The kinetics of neuronal adhesion on poly-lysine-coated surfaces is much faster than that on laminin and Matrigel-coated surfaces, and the distribution of adhesion is more homogenous on poly-lysine. Matrigel and laminin, on the other hand, facilitate neuritogenesis more than poly-lysine does. Eventually, on Matrigel-coated surfaces of self-assembled monolayers, neurons tend to undergo somata clustering and neurite fasciculation. By replacing coating proteins with cerebral astrocytes, and patterning neurons on astrocytes through self-assembled monolayers, microfluidics and micro-contact printing, we found that astrocyte promotes soma adhesion and astrocyte processes guide neurites. There, astrocytes could be a versatile substrate in engineering neuronal networks in vitro. Besides, quantitative measurements of cellular responses on various coatings would be valuable information for the neurobiology community in the choice of the most appropriate coating strategy.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Coating as a Key Parameter in Engineering Neuronal Network Structures In Vitro

et al. 2012

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“…1 As a specific example, carbon nanotubes have been suggested for use as prosthetic nervous implants in organs such as eyes and ears. 2 To achieve this goal requires the parallel preparation 3 of fully functional biological systems and nanoelectronic systems that are integrated together. One major obstacle is the preservation of functionality in both systems.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One major obstacle is the preservation of functionality in both systems. For example, while biological systems ranging from lipids 7 to living cells 2 have been assembled on nanotube substrates, the nanotubes have served only as mechanical supports, without electronic functionality. A second major obstacle is the difference in scale between nanostructures and biological systems.…”

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confidence: 99%

Integration of Cell Membranes and Nanotube Transistors

et al. 2005

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We report the integration of a complex biological system and a nanoelectronic device, demonstrating that both components retain their functionality while interacting with each other. As the biological system, we use the cell membrane of Halobacterium salinarum. As the nanoelectronic device, we use a nanotube network transistor, which incorporates many individual nanotubes in such a way that entire patches of cell membrane are contacted by nanotubes. We demonstrate that the biophysical properties of the membrane are preserved, that the nanoelectronic devices still function as transistors, and that the two systems interact. Further, we use the interaction to study the charge distribution in the biological system, finding that the electric dipole of the membrane protein bacteriorhodopsin is located 2/3 of the way from the extracellular to the cytoplasmic side.Nanobioelectronics, the integration of biological processes and molecules with nanoscale fabricated structures, offers the potential for electronic control and sensing of biological systems. 1 As a specific example, carbon nanotubes have been suggested for use as prosthetic nervous implants in organs such as eyes and ears. 2 To achieve this goal requires the parallel preparation 3 of fully functional biological systems and nanoelectronic systems that are integrated together. One major obstacle is the preservation of functionality in both systems. For example, while biological systems ranging from lipids 7 to living cells 2 have been assembled on nanotube substrates, the nanotubes have served only as mechanical supports, without electronic functionality. A second major obstacle is the difference in scale between nanostructures and biological systems. While nanotubes are comparable in size to individual proteins, they are much smaller than cells. Thus, nanotube electronic devices have been used as singlemolecule sensors 5a,7a rather than to communicate with complex biological systems. Here, we achieve integration between a functioning nanotube transistor and a cell membrane. We use nanotube networks, a recently developed class of nanotube devices, to bridge the gap in size between nanotechnology and biotechnology. To demonstrate the power of the approach, we use the nanobioelectronic devices to extract information about the charge distribution in the particular membrane used, thereby contributing to the resolution of a long-standing question about charge distributions within that membrane. 6

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“…CNTs are rolled layers of sp2 bonded carbon resembling the nanostructured features of natural neural tissue. This ability to mimic neural environ ment topography is very important to enhance neuronal cell adhesion, growth, and differentiation [13][14][15][16]. CNTs are also highly flexible and conductive; they can maintain favorable stability in a biological environment for prolonged periods of time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D printing nano conductive multi-walled carbon nanotube scaffolds for nerve regeneration

et al. 2018

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Objective. Nanomaterials, such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs), have been introduced to modify the surface properties of scaffolds, thus enhancing the interaction between the neural cells and biomaterials. In addition to superior electrical conductivity, CNTs can provide nanoscale structures similar to those present in the natural neural environment. The primary objective of this study is to investigate the proliferative capability and differential potential of neural stem cells (NSCs) seeded on a CNT incorporated scaffold. Approach. Amine functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were incorporated with a PEGDA polymer to provide enhanced electrical properties as well as nanofeatures on the surface of the scaffold. A stereolithography 3D printer was employed to fabricate a well-dispersed MWCNT-hydrogel composite neural scaffold with a tunable porous structure. 3D printing allows easy fabrication of complex 3D scaffolds with extremely intricate microarchitectures and controlled porosity. Main results. Our results showed that MWCNT-incorporated scaffolds promoted neural stem cell proliferation and early neuronal differentiation when compared to those scaffolds without the MWCNTs. Furthermore, biphasic pulse stimulation with 500 µA current promoted neuronal maturity quantified through protein expression analysis by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Significance. Results of this study demonstrated that an electroconductive MWCNT scaffold, coupled with electrical stimulation, may have a synergistic effect on promoting neurite outgrowth for therapeutic application in nerve regeneration.

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Chemically Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes as Substrates for Neuronal Growth

Cited by 647 publications

References 26 publications

Surface Coating as a Key Parameter in Engineering Neuronal Network Structures In Vitro

Surface Coating as a Key Parameter in Engineering Neuronal Network Structures In Vitro

Integration of Cell Membranes and Nanotube Transistors

3D printing nano conductive multi-walled carbon nanotube scaffolds for nerve regeneration

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