Chemically Polymerized Polyaniline Films for the Mass‐Production of Biosensor Devices

Abstract

The widespread use of screen-printed electrodes in biosensor applications has meant that mass-production of disposable, inexpensive sensors has become feasible. However, the complexity of surface coatings that require difficult and time-consuming deposition procedures do not lend themselves to the same production conveniences. This article describes moves towards the development of an alternative to the electrochemical deposition of polyaniline on electrode surfaces for incorporation into an established sensor format. Chemical rather than electrochemical polymerization of the conducting polymer polyaniline enables a multitude of electrodes to be coated simultaneously, without the need for complex instrumentation. The aim of this work was to control the coating parameters such that a coating of polymer was deposited that displayed the optimum thickness and electrochemical properties of that previously optimized electrochemically. Deposition procedures were found to depend on the hydrophilicity of the underlying carbon paste electrode as well as on a variety of polymerization parameters.

Optimisation and characterisation of biosensors based on polyaniline

“…Consequently, electrochemical polymerisation does not comply with the requirements of mass-production, especially of single-use sensor devices, with authors of the opinion that cyclic voltammetry is not a suitable deposition technique for industrial applications of PANI [28]. A chemical method of polymerisation has also been investigated in our laboratory, to assess its feasibility as a component of an established biosensor system [29]. Such a method would enable a greater number of electrodes to be prepared in situ without the need for instrumental techniques.…”

In situ controllable synthesis of cotton-like polyaniline nanostructures for a H2O2sensor using an embedded three-electrode microfluidic chip

“…Therefore, the oxidized reaction was performed immediately at 700 mV (vs. Ag/AgCl) for 1500 s. In the oxidation process, HRP would electrostatically attach to the PANI surface. 18 Eventually, the TEMC was completed as a H 2 O 2 biosensor for use in subsequent experiments.…”

Prospects of Organic Conducting Polymer Modified Electrodes: Enzymosensors

“…Asberg and Inganas have cross-linked horseradish peroxidase in highly conducting poly(3,4-ethylene dioxy thiophene) (PEDOT)/(polystyrene sulphonate) (PSS) dispersion using poly-4-vinylpyridine for estimation of hydrogen peroxide [124]. Grennan et al have reported the horseradish peroxidase immobilized screen-printed electrodes based on chemically polymerized polyaniline/polyvinylsulphonate films, which can be used for the mass production of biosensors [125]. Jia et al have fabricated horseradish peroxidase (HRP) biosensor by self-assembling gold nanoparticles to a thiol-containing sol-gel network of 3-mercaptaopropyltrimethoxysilane (MPS) [126].…”