Chemicals from wood via HF

Selke, Susan; Hawley, Martin C.; Hardt, Haim; Lamport, Derek T. A.; Smith, Gary D.; Smith, James R.

doi:10.1021/i300005a003

Cited by 27 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…39 The principal advantage of using HF was its low boiling point, which facilitates recovery. A separate study by Selke and Hawley demonstrated that a 99% yield of watersoluble carbohydrates could be recovered from wood using 10 ml of liquid HF and 1 ml of water for 1 g of wood 40 ( Table 1). After evacuation of HF at 370 K for 5 h, less than 4 mg HF g −1 wood remained.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeted chemical upgrading of lignocellulosic biomass to platform molecules

2014

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This review presents an overview of the initial targeted chemical processing stages for conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to platform molecules that serve as intermediates for the production of carbonbased fuels and chemicals. We identify four classes of platform molecules that can be obtained in an initial chemical processing step: (i) sugars, (ii) dehydration products, (iii) polyols and (iv) lignin monomers. Special emphasis is placed on reporting and comparing parameters that affect process economics and/or sustainability, including product yields, amount of catalyst used, processing conditions, and product concentrations. We discuss the economic trade-offs associated with choices related to these parameters, depending on the product that is targeted. We also address the effects of real biomass on the ability to recover, recycle, and potentially regenerate catalysts and solvents used in the biomass conversion processes.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeted chemical upgrading of lignocellulosic biomass to platform molecules

2014

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“…18 The hydrolysis of solubilized cellulose is rapid at temperatures between 50 and 100°C and results in very little degradation of the formed monosaccharides because of the low temperature. Despite the high glucose yields available from this process, problems associated with recovering the high-boiling sulfuric acid have led to the use of other strong acids, such as hydrofluoric, 19 phosphoric, 20 hydrochloric, 21 trifluoroacetic 22 and formic 23 acids.…”

Section: Hydrolysis To Monosaccharidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic One-Pot Production of Small Organics from Polysaccharides

Verendel¹,

Church²,

Andersson³

2011

Synthesis

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The catalytic techniques that degrade polysaccharides such as cellulose and elaborate the resulting monomers into organic feedstocks in situ make up an old area of research that has been reignited of late. One-pot conversions of polysaccharides into small organic molecules under acidic, basic, oxidative, reductive and hydrothermal conditions have been reported, and a remarkable breadth of compounds have been produced. 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), levulinic acid and polyols such as sorbitol have been obtained in particularly high yields, whereas serious selectivity struggles remain in reactions that produce organic acids such as lactic or glycolic acid. This review covers one-pot, catalytic transformations of polysaccharides into small organic molecules and focuses on mechanism, selectivity and optimization.

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“…The resulting material is predominantly glycosyl fluorides and almost unaltered lignin, when that is initially present in the raw material. The glycosyl fluorides undergo repolymerization, particularly when the fluoride ions are removed by evaporation resulting in a mixture of oligosaccharides (Selke al. 1982).…”

Section: A Cid Hydrolysis Of Lignogellulosesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lignocellulose hydrolysis

1983

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B

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Sources of lignocellulose materials suitable for conversion into chemical feedstocks are reviewed and the chemical nature of the cellulosic, hemicellulosic and lignin components examined. Pulping and analytical methods of separation are discussed and a consideration is made of the potential products from lignocellulosic sources. Recent work with dilute sulphuric acid treatment is described and particular attention is given to recent developments in the uses of anhydrous hydrofluoric acid for hydrolysis processes. The nature of the cellulase enzyme system is explored and current reports on the mechanisms involved in this multiple-substrate-multiple-enzyme reaction system are reviewed. Various aspects of size reduction and chemical pretreatment are described and a process scheme is outlined. A brief discussion of the recent developments in the kinetic models for this complex reaction sequence is included.

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Chemicals from wood via HF

Cited by 27 publications

References 3 publications

Targeted chemical upgrading of lignocellulosic biomass to platform molecules

Targeted chemical upgrading of lignocellulosic biomass to platform molecules

Catalytic One-Pot Production of Small Organics from Polysaccharides

Lignocellulose hydrolysis

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