Chemico-petrographic studies of some lignite core samples from Kalol oilfield, Cambay Basin, Gujarat, Western India

Pareek, H. S.

doi:10.1016/0166-5162(83)90009-5

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…values recorded for the Kalol lignite seams (Pareek, 1983;Samama, 1987) do not conform with the greater depth of burial (700-1,700 m below surface). }( seems probable that the graben formation in the Cambay Basin during Palaeocene (Raju & Srinivasan, 1983;Pareek, 1983) and consequem lignite bearing sedimenration was slow and the prevailing geothermal gradient in the area remained uniformly low since initiation of the vegetal accumulation. With the result lignite seams exhibit only low mawriry-level (rank).…”

Section: Rankmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Nevertheless, biopetrographic information on most important and well known Tertiary coal deposits, viz., Makum and Dilli-]eypore coalfields of Assam (Ghosh, 1969;Sen & Sen, 1969;Mukherjee, 1976;Navale & Misra, 1979a;Goswami, 1985Goswami, , 1987, Daranggiri Coalfield, Garo Hills of Meghalaya (Ghosh, 1964(Ghosh, , 1969Ahmed & Bharali, 1985), Laitryngew Coalfield, Khasi Hills of ORIGIN cell walls (may be resin impregnated or lignified) rich in cellulose gelified plant tissues gelified humic detritus (amorphous) humic detritus cell fillings (oxidation/condensation products of tannins or biochemically gelified humic matter) spore and pollen exines of higher plants outer layers of leaves, needles, shoots, thin stems of higher plants suberinized cell walls (bark or cork cells) resin, balsam, copal, Latex, wax, oils and fats from higher land plants essential oils of higher land plants colonial and unicellular algae anaerobic biodegraded products (amorphous microbial, algal and/or faunal remains) chlorophyll biodegraded or detrital liptinite macerals and/or phytoplanktons and algae secondary exsudates cell walls (charred, oxidized or fungus infested) cell walls (partly charred, oxidized or fungus infested) fungal hyphae, mycelia, spores and sclerotia amorphous gel (OXidized/microbial metabolic product) detritus of the above inertinite macerals secondary relics of oil generation (mainly) "A small part of inertinite originates from melanin rich plant and animal material ("primary inerti! ).~")_ A greater part attains its inertinitic properties during early coalificatiol1 process ("rank inertinite") Meghalaya (Ghosh, 1964(Ghosh, , 1969Sen & Sen 1969;Ahmed, 1971) and lignite deposits, viz_, Neyveli Lignitefield, Tamil Nadu (Navale, 1971(Navale, , 1974Navale & Misra, 1980b), Palana Lignitefield of Rajasthan (Pareek, 1962(Pareek, , 1984, Nichahom Lignitefield, Jammu and Kashmir (Pareek, 1970), Kalol and Sobhasan areas of Gujarat (Pareek, 1983;Samanta, 1987) and Panandhro Lignitefield, Gujarat (Pareek, 1984) are available. Majority of the available information are based on the study of a few samples (Ghosh, 1969;Sen & Sen, 1969;…”

Section: Status Of Biopetrological Information In Indiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lignite oj Camhay Basin, Gujarat-The lignites of Cambay Basin associated with Kalol and Kadi formations appear compact and dull banded. Dull and semibright black bands are interspersed with fragmentary, thin sheets, strips or moderately thick lenticles of lustrous compact bands (Pareek, 1983).…”

Section: Megascopic Characters Of Coals and Lignitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lignite of Cambay Basin, Gujarat-Very little informalion is available on lignile seams of Kalol and Kadi formations (Pareek, 1983;Samanta, 1987), The Kalol lignite is formed chiefly of highly decayed and disintegraled huminized mass of organic debris wilh predominance of attrinite and densinite macerals followed by lextinile which "rarely exhibits well-preserved microstructures" (Pareek, 1983). Ulminile and gelinile macerals are occasional.…”

Section: Lignitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With the result lignite seams exhibit only low mawriry-level (rank). However, higher burial depth of the Kalol lignite seams has comributed £0 severe dewatering and compaction resulting intO exceptionally low moisture comenr (4.9% as against 21.0-53.0% for Palana, Panandhro and Neyveli lignites: refer t-able 10 of Pareek, 1983) and development of bright coaly streaks and lenses.…”

Section: Rankmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genesis of Indian Tertiary coals and lignites: a biopetrological and palaeobotanical view point

Misra¹

1991

JPS

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Coal and lignite seams associated with the Tertiary sedimentary sequence of India are bright unbanded (coals) and sparingly banded (lignites) in appearance. They chiefly consist of vitrinite/huminite macerals with subordinate amounts of liptinites and inertinites. Desmocollinite/attrinite and densinite are the main vitrinite/huminite maceral groups. Sclerotinite (fungal remains) and inertodetrinite are the main inertinite macerals in the seams of northeastern States-Tamil Nadu, Rajasthan and Gujarat. Some of the coal and lignite seams of Meghalaya and Gujarat have predominance of structured inertinite macerals (semifusinite and fusinite). Main inorganics associated with the seams are syngenetic pyrite and calcite. Clay and quartz (argillaceous matter) are usually in low proportions except in certain seams of Gujarat and Meghalaya. The seams, under blue light excitation, are characterized by moderate to very high proportion of fluorescing macerals constituted chiefly by perhydrous vitrinite/huminite, liptodetrinite, bituminite and resinite. Other macerals of liptinite group, viz., cutinite, sporinite, suberinite, exsudatinite, alginite (Botryococcus) and fluorinite in order of decreasing abundance, are in subordinate amounts. The coal and lignite-forming evergreen angiospermous forest vegetation flourishing under humid tropical climate comprised inland, coastal, beach, back mangrove to mangrove plant communities. Herbaceous and shrubby, including aquatic, angiosperms and pteridophytes formed prolific undergrowth. Some of the coal and lignite seams of Meghalaya, Rajasthan and Gujarat have definite marine and brackish water elements. The Tertiary coal and lignite deposits of India originated from hypo-autochthonous to autochthonous rheotrophic peat accumulating in lagoons or near-shore back swamps in Assam, Nagaland, Tamil Nadu, Rajasthan and Gujarat and in small isolated estuarine or estuarine back swamps in Meghalaya. The vegetal matter experienced both aerobic and anaerobic microbial degradation under neutral to mildly alkaline subaqueous conditions. The coalification trends of the ancient peat were influenced more by putrefaction rather than purily by humification. Small and ephemeral fresh water ponds/lakes developed occasionally on peat surface were responsible for the presence of aquatic and water-edge taxa in the seams. Herbaceous and shrubby vegetation, especially pteridophytes, growing in the vicinity of ancient peat swamps were the main source of structured and detrital inertinites. Occasional natural cindering of the peat surface, e.g., in Gujarat and Meghalaya, was responsible for relatively high inertinite contents. Variations in the thickness and rank of coal and lignite seams were controlled by the existing tectonic conditions and geothermal gradients in different areas. Keywords- Biopetrology, Coal and lignite genesis, Palaeoenvironment, India.

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Section: Rankmentioning

confidence: 88%