Chemiluminescent immunoassay overestimates hormone concentrations and obscures testosterone sex differences relative to LC-MS/MS in a field study of diverse adolescents

Chafkin, Julia; O’Brien, J.; Medrano, Fortunato N.; Lee, Hae Yeon; Yeager, David S.; Josephs, Robert

doi:10.1016/j.cpnec.2022.100132

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…The relatively long analysis time compared to few studies performed is the limitation of this study (19). Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry methods are now commonly used in most clinical laboratories for the simultaneous analysis of various compounds, including steroids, requiring very high sensitivity (12). Mass spectrometry can overcome some common diagnostic challenges, such as identification of exogenous corticosteroids or simultaneous assessment of appropriate dexamethasone levels in suppression tests (20).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Immunoassays are however restricted to single analyte testing, show cross-reactivity with closely related molecules substances and have limited dynamic range. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) provides a robust platform with sufficient specificity and sensitivity for rapid multiple analyte quantitation (11,12). In this study, we optimized a stable isotope dilutionmultiple reaction monitoring liquid chromatographytandem mass spectrometry (SID-MRM LC-MS/MS) method with high sensitivity and specificity, for absolute quantification of dexamethasone, total and free cortisol in plasma samples.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development and Validation of Liquid Chromatography/Stable Isotope-Dilution Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method for Measurement of Dexamethasone, Total Cortisol and Free Cortisol in Human Plasma

Tuna

KANT

Akış

et al. 2023

Journal of Basic and Clinical Health Sciences

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Background Cortisol plays a role in the regulation of metabolic homeostasis. Dexamethasone is a powerful synthetic glucocorticoid that acts as an anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive agent. Plasma free cortisol, which has a low concentration in the blood, is the cortisol fraction that provides biological activity. It is emphasized that measurement of dexamethasone, total and free cortisol levels can directly affect the results of dexamethasone suppression test, which is routinely used to exclude endogenous hypercortisolemia in patients with adrenal adenoma, and is important in differential diagnosis. Purpose In this study, a precise and rapid method was developed for the measurement of dexamethasone, total and free cortisol levels in plasma samples, besides demonstrating the clinical applicability of the method with samples from adrenal adenoma patients. Methods Method optimization studies were performed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry with stable isotope dilution-multiple reaction monitoring. Results The assay demonstrated a good linear dynamic range of 0.5–20 μg/L, 5–200 μg/L and 0.5–100 μg/L for dexamethasone, total and free cortisol, respectively. The values for intra- and inter-day precisions of analytes were ≤6.9% with the accuracies ranging from 91.6% to 113.0%. Conclusion Measurement of these parameters can be used reliably to diagnose diseases causing hypercortisolemia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Validation of Liquid Chromatography/Stable Isotope-Dilution Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method for Measurement of Dexamethasone, Total Cortisol and Free Cortisol in Human Plasma

Tuna

KANT

Akış

et al. 2023

Journal of Basic and Clinical Health Sciences

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show abstract

“…The interassay and intraassay coefficients were 8.25% and 7.79%, respectively. Since the chemiluminescent immunoassay overestimates the values of T and C (Chafkin et al, 2022), perhaps the actual physiological levels of these hormones could be lower than the real ones. However, we used the same method for all samples.…”

Section: Hormone Extraction and Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Women university students’ stereotypical assessments of potential women threatening rivals: Testosterone and cortisol effects on perception and judgment.

Hernández-López,

García-Granados,

Chavira-Ramírez

et al. 2024

Evolutionary Behavioral Sciences

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Testosterone and cortisol in women are involved in regulating social and sexual behavior. So far, research shows that the interaction of these hormones modulates dominant and submissive personalities, empathy, and reactive aggression. In this study, we investigated whether women's testosterone and cortisol contribute to attributing different characteristics of sexual threatening, attractiveness, success, dominance, and flirtatiousness to female morphs that vary in waist-to-hip ratio (WHR; 0.6, 0.7, 0.8) after being prepared to imagine a scenario of sexual competition. One hundred forty-two female volunteers recruited from various university faculties provided a 6-ml saliva sample for hormonal analyses and, subsequently, rated the five attributes for each morph. Testosterone and cortisol did not affect identifying the 0.7 WHR as the more sexually threatening. Participants with high testosterone and low cortisol gave demeaning rates to the three morphs, except for the dominance of the 0.7 morphs, which received high scores. These patterns might suggest this hormone profile is associated with women's proactive aggression, including rival derogation. In contrast, women with high testosterone and cortisol gave higher scores to all morphs except for dominance suggesting this hormone profile might be associated with threat detection. In summary, our results provide novel information on the effects of C and T on the interpretation of the sexual and social behavior of potential rivals according to their WHRs. Public Significance StatementThis study acknowledges that the synergistic action of feminine testosterone and cortisol effects induce a cognitive bias when qualifying putative behaviors of female morphs having 0.6, 0.7, and 0.8 waist-to-hip ratios. In general, demeaning ratings to all body shapes correlated with low cortisol and high testosterone levels, while appraising happened when both hormones were elevated. Finally, independently from hormones' actions, participants recognized the 0.7 waist-to-hip as the most threatening rival.

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Relationships of the Ulna-to-fibula Ratio to Baseline and Reactive Steroid Hormone Levels: An Exploratory Study

Köllner

Braun

Schöttner

et al. 2022

Adaptive Human Behavior and Physiology

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Objective Organizational hormone effects on the human brain and behavior are often retrospectively assessed via morphological markers of prenatal (e.g., 2D:4D digit ratio) or pubertal (e.g., facial width-to-height ratio, fWHR) hormone exposure. It has been argued that markers should relate to circulating hormones particularly in challenging, dominance/status-relevant situations. However, meta-analytic research indicates that fWHR, a frequently used pubertal marker, is neither reliably sex-dimorphic nor related to steroid hormones. This casts doubt on fWHR’s validity for reflecting hormone levels. Ulna-to-fibula ratio (UFR), an alternative, long-bone-length-based pubertal marker, is sex-dimorphic and associated with dominance motivation. However, its hormonal associations were never tested before. We therefore explored UFR’s relationships to baseline and reactive hormone levels. Methods We measured ulna and fibula length as well as shoulder/waist/hip circumference of 81 participants (49 women; after exclusions) via anthropometry. Salivary hormone levels (estradiol, testosterone) at baseline and after a gross-motor one-on-one balancing contest were measured via radioimmunoassay. Results We replicated UFR’s dimorphism, unrelatedness to height, and correlations to other putative markers of organizational hormone effects. On an exploratory basis, we found UFR to be related to overall baseline testosterone and to competition-induced reactive surges in steroid hormones (estradiol, testosterone) overall and in women. Conclusions Our results hint at UFR’s relationship to baseline testosterone and may indicate functional connections between outcomes of pubertal organizational hormone effects and contest-induced steroid reactivity. Pubertal organizational hormone effects may prepare the endocrine system for dominance and status contests. However, the small sample and the exploratory nature of our research demands replication.

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Chemiluminescent immunoassay overestimates hormone concentrations and obscures testosterone sex differences relative to LC-MS/MS in a field study of diverse adolescents

Cited by 11 publications

References 64 publications

Development and Validation of Liquid Chromatography/Stable Isotope-Dilution Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method for Measurement of Dexamethasone, Total Cortisol and Free Cortisol in Human Plasma

Development and Validation of Liquid Chromatography/Stable Isotope-Dilution Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method for Measurement of Dexamethasone, Total Cortisol and Free Cortisol in Human Plasma

Women university students’ stereotypical assessments of potential women threatening rivals: Testosterone and cortisol effects on perception and judgment.

Relationships of the Ulna-to-fibula Ratio to Baseline and Reactive Steroid Hormone Levels: An Exploratory Study

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