Chemiluminescent method for analysis of nitrogen compounds in mobile source emissions nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, and ammonia

Sigsby, John E.; Black, Frank; Bellar, Thomas A.; Klosterman, Donald L.

doi:10.1021/es60073a001

Cited by 54 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…These instruments are either using a graphite, a molybdenum oxide (MoO) or a gold (Au) converter operating at temperatures between 275 and 390 • C, whereas Au converters need a reducing agent like CO or H 2 . Early work by Sigsby et al (1973) and Winer et al (1974) describe a chemiluminescent method for analysis of nitrogen containing compounds in mobile source emissions (NO, NO 2 , NH 3 ) and the response of chemiluminescent NO-NO 2 analyzers to other nitrogen-containing compounds while stressing the importance of correcting for interferences, e.g. under high PAN levels, respectively.…”

Section: Exchange Measurements Of Reactive Nitrogen Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

TRANC – a novel fast-response converter to measure total reactive atmospheric nitrogen

Marx¹,

Brümmer

Ammann

et al. 2012

Atmos. Meas. Tech.

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Abstract. The input and loss of plant available nitrogen (reactive nitrogen: N r ) from/to the atmosphere can be an important factor for the productivity of ecosystems and thus for its carbon and greenhouse gas exchange. We present a novel converter for reactive nitrogen (TRANC: Total Reactive Atmospheric Nitrogen Converter), which offers the opportunity to quantify the sum of all airborne reactive nitrogen compounds ( N r ) in high time resolution. The basic concept of the TRANC is the full conversion of all N r to nitrogen monoxide (NO) within two reaction steps. Initially, reduced N r compounds are being oxidised, and oxidised N r compounds are thermally converted to lower oxidation states. Particulate N r is being sublimated and oxidised or reduced afterwards. In a second step, remaining higher nitrogen oxides or those generated in the first step are catalytically converted to NO with carbon monoxide used as reduction gas. The converter is combined with a fast response chemiluminescence detector (CLD) for NO analysis and its performance was tested for the most relevant gaseous and particulate N r species under both laboratory and field conditions. Recovery rates during laboratory tests for NH 3 and NO 2 were found to be 95 and 99 %, respectively, and 97 % when the two gases were combined. In-field longterm stability over an 11-month period was approved by a value of 91 % for NO 2 . Effective conversion was also found for ammonium and nitrate containing particles. The recovery rate of total ambient N r was tested against the sum of individual measurements of NH 3 , HNO 3 , HONO, NH + 4 , NO − 3 , and NO x using a combination of different well-established devices. The results show that the TRANC-CLD system precisely captures fluctuations in N r concentrations and also matches the sum of all individual N r compounds measured by the different single techniques. The TRANC features a specific design with very short distance between the sample air inlet and the place where the thermal and catalytic conversions to NO occur. This assures a short residence time of the sample air inside the instrument, and minimises wall sorption problems of water soluble compounds. The fast response time (e-folding times of 0.30 to 0.35 s were found during concentration step changes) and high accuracy in capturing the dominant N r species enables the converter to be used in an eddy covariance setup. Although a source attribution of specific N r compounds is not possible, the TRANC is a new reliable tool for permanent measurements of the net N r flux between ecosystem and atmosphere at a relatively low maintenance and reasonable cost level allowing for diurnal, seasonal and annual investigations.

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Section: Exchange Measurements Of Reactive Nitrogen Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

TRANC – a novel fast-response converter to measure total reactive atmospheric nitrogen

Marx¹,

Brümmer

Ammann

et al. 2012

Atmos. Meas. Tech.

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“…The technology is based upon the reaction of O 3 with NO to form NO 2 in an excited state. 4,5 From reference 4, the important reactions in a chemiluminescent detector are…”

Section: Historical Background and Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The water addition was calibrated gravimetrically with a Mettler PC 2000 analytical balance. For NH 3 addition, NH 4 OH was added to the water. A Kenics static mixer (0.38-in.…”

Section: No X Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of NO_x Flue Gas Analyzers for Accuracy and Their Applicability for Low-Concentration Measurements

Gluck

Glenn

Logan

et al. 2003

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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“…The chemiluminescence NO monitor has proved to be an ideal method for the measurement of NO* in automotive exhausts. 27 ' 28 This technique has in fact been specified by EPA as the test procedure for NO X analytical measurements in determining whether vehicular emissions meet published standards. 29 Ridley et al 26 have performed a laboratory study on the feasibility of using the chemiluminescent NO-O 3 reaction for determining concentrations of NO in the stratosphere.…”

Section: No Chemiluminescence Detection With O3mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This problem has occupied several investigators. 27 who used a stainless steel tube heated to temperatures greater than 600°C and observed quantitative conversion of NO 2 to NO. At elevated temperatures, NO 2 can be dissociated predominantly by thermal energy.…”

Section: Conversion Of Imo2 To Nomentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of Chemiluminescent techniques for air pollution monitoring

Hodgeson

1974

Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry Reviews

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The practical application of chemiluminescent reactions to the detection of gas-phase air pollutants is about four years old. During this relatively short period, such methods have evolved through the stages of conception, feasibility testing with laboratory breadboards, construction of prototypes, development of commercial models, field evaluations and the adaptation of the method, in two cases, as a recommended standard. A considerable number of reports on chemiluminescent techniques have appeared during the last 3-4 years. Some of these are unpublished reports of recent origin and others are government reports which have heretofore been relatively inaccessible. This review is intended to collect and publicize the recent research efforts in this rapidly growing field. Emphasis is placed on chemiluminescent detectors for O 3 (O 3 + ethyIene), NO (NO + O 3 ), and sulfur compounds (flame chemiluminescent detection), which are being applied routinely in atmospheric monitoring. Recent studies are included on detection of NO 2 by conversion to NO and subcequent chemiluminescent detection with O 3 . Other promising chemiluminescent methods discussed are detection of SO 2 , CO and NO X (NO+NO 2 ) by O-atom chemiluminescence, direct chemiluminescent detection of NO 2 by a photofragment technique, and chemiluminescent detection of NH 3 after conversion to NO. In addition to the flame photometric detection of sulfur compounds, brief descriptions are given of flame chemiluminescent techniques for nitrogen, phosphorous, boron and halogen containing compounds.

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Chemiluminescent method for analysis of nitrogen compounds in mobile source emissions nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, and ammonia

Cited by 54 publications

References 3 publications

TRANC – a novel fast-response converter to measure total reactive atmospheric nitrogen

TRANC – a novel fast-response converter to measure total reactive atmospheric nitrogen

Evaluation of NO_x Flue Gas Analyzers for Accuracy and Their Applicability for Low-Concentration Measurements

A review of Chemiluminescent techniques for air pollution monitoring

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Chemiluminescent method for analysis of nitrogen compounds in mobile source emissions nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, and ammonia

Cited by 54 publications

References 3 publications

TRANC – a novel fast-response converter to measure total reactive atmospheric nitrogen

TRANC – a novel fast-response converter to measure total reactive atmospheric nitrogen

Evaluation of NOx Flue Gas Analyzers for Accuracy and Their Applicability for Low-Concentration Measurements

A review of Chemiluminescent techniques for air pollution monitoring

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Product

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Evaluation of NO_x Flue Gas Analyzers for Accuracy and Their Applicability for Low-Concentration Measurements