ChemInform Abstract: Alkylation of Benzene with Olefins in the Presence of the Catalytic Systems AlX3‐MXn.

Direct liquefaction techniques on lignite coal: A review

“…To minimize the catalyst deactivation, it is desirable to use coals containing low concentrations of nitrogen and sulfur [56] and to remove inorganic components and other impurities prior to the reaction [58]. The presence of a hydrogen donor solvent assists in reducing the required residence time [59] and the temperature required to obtain high yields of small-molecular-weight products. The importance of a high reducing gas pressure, active catalysts, and a suitable hydrogen donor solvent is exemplified in the practical processes that have been tested.…”

Improving the efficiency of high-temperature processes for producing lower olefins via deep-processing of by-products

“…In order to improve the adhesion of hydrocarbon resins, the use of Friedel-Crafts catalysts, comprised of TiCl4, is proposed for processes of polymerizing petroleum cracking fractions with boiling temperatures of 140-280 °С, and the various dienophile modifications thereof [168]. Studies have found that the activity of mixed catalyst AlCl3-TiCl4 [169][170][171] is lower than the activity of AlCl3, but higher than that of TiCl4. When it comes to the cationic oligomerization of piperylene, titanium etherates also have low catalytic activity, which is markedly inferior to that of similar complexes AlCl3 [172].…”