“…9,10 R- (6) and β-pinene (7), in turn, are found in high concentrations in turpentine, a paper and pulp industry residue, and they are, therefore, also available in bulk at a low price. These bicyclic monoterpenes are used as a fragrance substance that is used to improve the odor of industrial products and are also precursors of important flavor compounds, such as terpineols, borneol (45), camphor (46), citronellol (11), geraniol (14), menthol (39), verbenol (48), and verbenone (49). 6,7 The tetraterpene β-carotene (62), an orange pigment found mainly in tropical vegetables, is a precursor of norisoprenoid ionones, molecules responsible for desirable fruity and floral flavors.…”