ChemInform Abstract: Reaction of Nitronium Tetrafluoroborate with 4‐Acyloxy‐2‐methyl‐1‐butenes.

Mursakulov, I. G.; Azimzade, A. A.; Talybov, A. G.; Aslanova, M. R.

doi:10.1002/chin.199040108

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Similar fluorinations using NO 2 BF 4 have also been reported with homoallylic esters 347 , giving the corresponding β-nitro fluorides 349 in moderate yield (three examples, 41–73%). As before, β-nitro alcohols were also formed as byproducts from competitive hydrolysis of the putative 1,3-dioxan-2-ylium ion intermediate 348 during the aqueous workup (Scheme ) …”

Section: Additions To Alkenes Alkynes and Allenesmentioning

confidence: 87%

Beyond the Balz–Schiemann Reaction: The Utility of Tetrafluoroborates and Boron Trifluoride as Nucleophilic Fluoride Sources

et al. 2014

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Section: Additions To Alkenes Alkynes and Allenesmentioning

confidence: 87%

Beyond the Balz–Schiemann Reaction: The Utility of Tetrafluoroborates and Boron Trifluoride as Nucleophilic Fluoride Sources

et al. 2014

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“…Furthermore, reactions of allylic esters (134a ± d) 122 and homoallylic esters (134e ± g) 123 with nitronium tetrafluoroborates followed by hydrolysis have been reported; they gave mixtures of 2-fluoro nitro alkane (X = F) and b-nitro alcohol (X = OH) derivatives 135a ± g. In this case, the overall yield and composition of the products depend on the bulk of the acyl substituent R. The reaction presumably occurs via cyclic cationoid intermediates 136a ± g, which are split by fluoride or hydroxide ions to give the final products. The formation of these intermediates was detected using low-temperature NMR spectroscopy.…”

Section: And References Cited Therein)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The formation of these intermediates was detected using low-temperature NMR spectroscopy. 123 Compound Acetonitrile may serve as the nucleophile which completes the reaction of alkenes with NO 2 BF 4 . For example, low-temperature treatment of substituted styrenes with nitronium tetrafluoroborate in MeCN followed by decomposition with saturated aqueous NaHCO 3 afforded the corresponding nitro acetamides 137 obviously formed by the Ritter reaction.…”

Section: And References Cited Therein)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactions of alkenes with nitrogen oxides and other nitrosating and nitrating reagents

Степанов¹,

Veselovsky²

2003

Russ. Chem. Rev.

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We present a theory of light amplification in a cavity based on irreversibility of coherent excitation. It is predicted that the irreversibility of coherent excitation leads to a new way of lasing which is different from lasing with and without inversion in the conventional sense. Lasing with dynamically induced inversion is possible in coherently driven systems in which there is no conventional source of irreversible population pumping. This laser displays two interesting and important features: the maximum gain with inversion is substantially greater than gain without inversion, and in spite of the presence of the inversion, the noise intensity is reduced below the shot-noise limit.As is well known, atomic transitions arise in two ways: they can occur spontaneously as a consequence of the atom's coupling to the vacuum, or they can be stimulated by external perturbation such as a laser field. Usually, the spontaneous transition is referred to as spontaneous emission, spontaneous decay, etc, while the stimulated transition is known as coherent excitation, coherent driving, coherent coupling, etc. The spontaneous transitions are irreversible since they occur from states of higher energy to states of lower energy. The stimulated transitions, however, are reversible, i.e. the probabilities of photon absorption and emission are equal. As a result, it is impossible to achieve steady-state population inversion in a driven two-level atom. It is a widely held view that, in order to create the population inversion required to achieve light amplification, one has to utilize the irreversible transition as a population pump in a multilevel system.Recently, the new concept of lasing without inversion has received much attention (see [1] for reviews). It has been shown that, in cases where it is difficult or even impossible to create the required population inversion via conventional pumping, lasing without inversion provides an important and interesting alternative. It is identified that the origin of the inversionless gain is attributed to either inversion between dressed states or coherence among these states [2]. The inversionless gain has been demonstrated [3] and the first lasers without inversion have been realized [4]. In addition, dressed-state lasers belong to the class of lasers without inversion since there is no inversion between bare atomic states. The idea stems from Mollow [5], who predicted that a strongly driven two-level atom can amplify a weak probe beam at one of the Rabi sideband frequencies. The gain is due to population inversion between dressed states [6]. As will be shown, however, lasing without inversion is not the only option when it is difficult or impossible to provide the required population inversion using conventional pumping.In this letter, we will present a theoretical analysis of light amplification in a cavity, based on irreversibility of coherent excitation. It is predicted that lasing with inversion is possible 0953-4075/00/070265+10$30.00

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“…132 Treatment of unsaturated ketones 180 with nitronium tetrafluoroborate at 730 8C in a solution in SO 2 followed by treatment with water gives compounds 181 in low yields. 133 An original method has been proposed 134 . The reaction of ethyl 4-methylpent-2-enoate 183 with nitryl chloride or nitrosyl chloride yields nitrite 184, which is converted into compound 185 on refluxing with water, the overall yield of the latter being 34%.…”

Section: Synthesis Of Nitro Alcohols By Simultaneous Introduction Of ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Aliphatic nitro alcohols. Synthesis, chemical transformations and applications

Shvekhgeimer¹

1998

Russ. Chem. Rev.

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ChemInform Abstract: Reaction of Nitronium Tetrafluoroborate with 4‐Acyloxy‐2‐methyl‐1‐butenes.

Abstract: The reaction specified in the title affords separable mixtures of the fluoronitro derivatives (III) and the hydroxynitro derivatives (IV), which are formed via unstable 1,3‐dioxane derivatives, which can be detected by low‐temp.

Cited by 3 publications

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Beyond the Balz–Schiemann Reaction: The Utility of Tetrafluoroborates and Boron Trifluoride as Nucleophilic Fluoride Sources

Beyond the Balz–Schiemann Reaction: The Utility of Tetrafluoroborates and Boron Trifluoride as Nucleophilic Fluoride Sources

Reactions of alkenes with nitrogen oxides and other nitrosating and nitrating reagents

Aliphatic nitro alcohols. Synthesis, chemical transformations and applications

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