ChemInform Abstract: Structure, Function, and Potential Therapeutical Relevance of NMDA Receptors. Part 2. Therapy Concepts and Novel Receptor Ligands

Stark, Holger; Reichert, Ulrich; Graßmann, Sven

doi:10.1002/chin.200043241

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Sulphur-containing Excitatory Amino Acids1

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2003

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“…Of particular interest is the fact that glutamate is massively released from neural structures during hypoxia and ischaemia [105,106]. Therefore, ischaemic conditions induced e.g.…”

Section: Sulphur-containing Excitatory Amino Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical and Clinical Aspects of Methotrexate Neurotoxicity

Vezmar¹,

Becker²,

et al. 2003

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Acute, subacute and chronic neurotoxicity have been observed after the administration of high-dose and/or intrathecal methotrexate (MTX). Acute toxicity is usually transient without permanent damage. Subacute and chronic toxicity are associated with changes in the brain and/or the spinal cord which may be progressive and even lead to coma and death in severe cases. It is believed that MTX can induce direct toxic effects to the CNS by damaging the neuronal tissue. Moreover, MTX interferes with the metabolic pathways of folates, excitatory amino acids, homocysteine, S-adenosylmethionine/S-adenosylhomocysteine, adenosine and biopterins, inducing biochemical alterations which have been associated with neurotoxic symptoms. It has been suggested that acute toxicity is partly mediated by adenosine, whereas homocysteine, S-adenosylmethionine/S-adenosylhomocysteine, excitatory amino acids and biopterins may play an important role in the development of subacute and chronic toxicity. A better understanding of the pathogenesis of MTX neurotoxicity would offer the possibility of developing new therapeutic strategies for its treatment or prevention.

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“…Of particular interest is the fact that glutamate is massively released from neural structures during hypoxia and ischaemia [105,106]. Therefore, ischaemic conditions induced e.g.…”

Section: Sulphur-containing Excitatory Amino Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%