Low dosage hydrate inhibitors (LDHIs) are a recent and alternative technology to thermodynamic inhibitors
for preventing gas hydrates from plugging oil and gas production wells and pipelines. LDHIs are divided into
two main categories, kinetic inhibitors (KHIs) and anti-agglomerants (AAs), both of which are successfully
being used in field applications. This paper reviews the research and development of LDHIs with emphasis on
the chemical structures that have been designed and tested. The mechanisms of both KHIs and AAs are also
discussed.