ChemInform Abstract: Thermodynamic Properties of (xCa + (1‐x)P)

Abstract

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10.1007/s11176-008-1003-4

“…The temperature was measured with an EOP-66 optical pyrometer with an accuracy of +5 deg in the range 165031800 K. The instrument was preliminarily calibrated by CaF 2 vapor pressure [12,13]. The temperature was measured with an EOP-66 optical pyrometer with an accuracy of +5 deg in the range 165031800 K. The instrument was preliminarily calibrated by CaF 2 vapor pressure [12,13].…”

“…(11) The thermodynamic properties were determined at 1650 and 1730 K. The measured intensities of ion currents over the starting compositions of the samples allowed us to calculate the activity coefficients of BaO, B 2 O 3 , and SiO 2 by the procedure proposed in [8] and based on the Gibbs3Duhem equation. (12) and (13). For this reason, the partial pressure of atomic oxygen was replaced by the ratio of MoO 3 + and MoO 2 + ion currents, according to Eqs.…”

“…(7) and (13), the replacement of the BaO + intensity by the BaBO 2 + /B 2 O 3 + ratio allowed the BaO activity coefficient to be determined with a much better accuracy. (14), the current intensity of the BaBO 2 + ion formed by dissociative ionization of BaB 2 O 4 is much higher than that of BaO + .…”

Key trends in the development of a metallurgical technology to meet the growing steel quality requirements

“…Since they have a high oxygen affinity, a mixture should also contain oxides at a certain proportion. The authors of [15] studied the thermodynamic properties using static measurement of the vapor pressure in the Ca-CaF 2 -CaO system and found that the use of Ca⎯CaF 2 -CaO mixtures with (mol %) 50-60 CaF 2 , 18-22 CaO, and 20-30 Ca makes it possible to decrease the calcium volatility severalfold and, thus, to decrease the calcium vapor losses at a retained flux extraction capacity with respect to copper.…”