Chemische und verfahrenstechnische Gesichtspunkte zur Herstellung von kationischer Kartoffelstärke durch Kochextrusion

Esan, Michael; Brümmer, Thomas; Meuser, F.

doi:10.1002/star.19960480403

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Carboxymethyl starch is a water-soluble polysaccharide which is widely employed as an additive in the paper industry [4], and as a thickener in the formulation of textile printing pastes [5]. The application of CMS in enhanced oil recovery [5] is also growing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Carboxymethyl Starch

2000

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The following types of starch were used for carboxymethylation: native starch, oxidized starch (Starch Industry, Zrenjanin, Serbia, starch oxidized by hypochlorite solution, content of carboxyl groups between 0.40-0.60 mass%) and starch enriched with amylose (BAGKF, Germany, 70% amylose).All the other chemicals used in this investigation (NaOH, Carboxymethyl starch (CMS) was obtained under heterogeneous conditions as a product of the reaction of starch and monochloroacetic acid (MCA) in the presence of sodium hydroxide. The influence of the composition of the reaction mixture, the reaction time and temperature and the type of starch being carboxymethylated on the degree of substitution, DS, and limiting viscosity number, [η], was studied. The reaction temperature influenced the DS values, the highest values of the DS being obtained when the carboxymethylation was performed at 58°C. Increase of the molar ratio of NaOH to anhydroglycose units leads to an increase in DS, but only to certain extent. The values of the DS and [η] of CMS increased almost linearly with increasing MCA amount in the reaction mixture. The reaction mixture changes caused by adding water to ethanol influenced the DS values of the obtained CMS samples, the maximum DS value being obtained for CMS sample synthesized in ethanol with 25% (v/v) water.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Carboxymethyl Starch

2000

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“…One of the most employed starch derivatives is carboxymethyl starch (CMS), a starch with carboxymethyl substituted of some OH groups. In most of the applications of CMS, such as an additive in the paper industry , as a thickener in formulations of the textile printing industry , in enhanced oil recovery and in the pharmaceutical industry , CMS is used in the form of aqueous solutions. Since CMS is a polyelectrolyte, its solution behavior depends significantly on the inorganic salts present in the aqueous solutions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular structure of carboxymethyl starch in dilute aqueous sodium chloride solutions

2013

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The dilute solution behavior of six carboxymethyl starch (CMS) samples was investigated in aqueous NaCl solutions of different concentration (0.01, 0.05, 0.1, and 0.5 M) by dynamic light scattering (DLS) at 258C. The values of weight average molar mass, M w , of the investigated CMS samples were in the range from 9 Â 10 5 to 2.1 Â 10 7 g/mol. Three of the CMS samples were obtained from corn starch and the other three from potato starch. They had different degrees of substitution, DS, ranging from 0.4 to 1.1. The translational diffusion coefficient, D z , and hydrodynamic radius, R h , were determined for all CMS samples in aqueous NaCl solutions of different concentrations by the DLS method. The obtained results were treated together with previous results obtained by static light scattering and viscometry, which enabled the calculation of the structure-sensitive parameter, r, and the dependence of R h , radius of gyration, R g , and viscosity radius, R h , on molar mass. The calculated values of the r parameter were independent of molar mass. The parameter r did not change significantly with the variation of the salt concentration in water, its values being in the range from 1.10 to 1.19. The values of exponent n i in the log-log dependence of R g , R h , and R h on M w were in the range between 0.42 and 0.47; 0.36 and 0.49; 0.42 and 0.44, respectively. These values are characteristic of branched structures of macromolecules.

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“…Svest o tome da su raspoložive količine fosilnih sirovina ograničene, kao i svest o potrebi zaštite životne sredine, značajno su doprineli ponovnom povećanju interesa za obnavljajuće sirovine [1]. Zbog toga se u literaturi sreće sve više radova posvećenih izučavanju mogućnosti modifikovanja biorazgradivih makromolekulskih supstanci na bazi obnavljajućih sirovina s ciljem prilagođavanja njihovih svojstava različitim namenama i povećanja njihove potrošnje [2][3][4][5]. Najčešće ispitivani biodegradabilni polimeri su celuloza i skrob.…”

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“…Karboksimetil-skrob se kao aditiv koristi u industriji papira [4,6], tekstilnoj industriji [5], naftnoj industriji [5], farmaceutskoj industriji, prehrambenoj itd., dok se katjonski skrob u farmaceutskoj i prehrambenoj industriji koristi pri proizvodnji papira [6].…”

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Influence of substituent type on properties of starch derivates

Stojanovic¹,

Jeremic²,

Jovanović³

et al. 2010

Hem Ind

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The subject of the study was investigation of influence of substituent type on the properties of starch derivates in diluted solutions. Three samples were prepared: two anionic (carboxymethyl starch, CMS) and one cationic starch (KS). Starch derivates were synthesized in two steps. The first step was preparation of alkali starch by the addition of sodium-hydroxide to the starch dispersed in ethanol or water. In the second step, the required amount of sodium monocloracetate or 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl-threemethylamonium chloride was added to the obtained alkali starch in order to prepare CMS or KS, respectively. The degree of substitution of carboxymethyl starch was determined by back titration method, and the degree of substitution of cationic starch was determined by potentiometric titration. The degrees of substitution of prepared samples were: 0.50 (assigned as CMS-0.50) and 0.70 (assigned as CMS-0.70) for carboxymethyl starch and 0.30 (assigned as KS-0.30) for cationic starch. The properties of starch derivatives in dilute solutions were investigated by the methods of static and dynamic light scattering. Aqueous solutions of sodium chloride of different concentrations were used as solvent. The values of the mass average molar mass, MW, radius of gyration, Rg, and second virial coefficient, A2, were determined for all samples together with hydrodynamic radius, Rh. Molar masses of the samples were: 5.06×106, 15.4×106 and 19.2×106 g/mol for CMS-0.50, CMS-0.70 and KS-0.30, respectively. The samples, CMS-0.70 and KS-0.30 had similar molar mass and hydrodynamic radius, but radius of gyration of KS-0.30 was smaller then radius of gyration of CMS-0.70 at all sodium chloride concentrations. Consequently, ρ value for KS-0.30 was smaller then for CMS-0.70, as a result of more compact architecture of KS-0.30 then of CMS-0.70. Kratky graph confirmed this result. For all samples, radius of gyration and hydrodynamic radius decreased with increasing of sodium chloride concentration, but decrease of the radius was greater for CMS-0.50 then for other two samples due to its significantly lower molar mass. On the other hand, change of both radius of gyration and hydrodynamic radius of CMS-0.70 and of KS-0.30 with increasing sodium chloride concentration were similar. It can be concluded that the decrease of both Rg and Rh with increasing sodium chloride concentration in water depends far more on molar mass than on degree of substitution

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Chemische und verfahrenstechnische Gesichtspunkte zur Herstellung von kationischer Kartoffelstärke durch Kochextrusion

Cited by 11 publications

References 5 publications

Synthesis of Carboxymethyl Starch

Synthesis of Carboxymethyl Starch

Molecular structure of carboxymethyl starch in dilute aqueous sodium chloride solutions

Influence of substituent type on properties of starch derivates

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