Chemistry in adsorbed monolayers. 3. Fourier transform infrared attenuated total reflectance study of photoreactive self-assembled monolayers

McGarvey, Colette E.; Holden, David A.; Tchir, Morris F.

doi:10.1021/la00059a045

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…The results of these experiments are given in Table V. When no coupling agent is present, the addition of BPO to a mixture of fiberglass and HDPE causes a toughening of the composite, as can be seen by higher impact strength (see experiment 19). The tensile charac- teristics do not change significantly.…”

Section: Results Of Extrusion Studiesmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Bifunctional coupling agents for improved mechanical properties in fiberglass/polyethylene composites

Dyke

Gnatowski²,

Burczyk³

2002

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Two bifunctional compounds, 12-azido-1-diazo-2-dodecanone (A) and 1-diazo-17-octadecene-2-one (B), show an ability to act as coupling agents in fiberglass/ polyethylene composites. Under appropriate conditions the diazoketone functional groups in both A and B react with hydroxyl groups on a fiberglass surface, whereas the azide group in A and the alkene group in B form bonds with the plastic matrix during processing. FTIR and NMR spectroscopy were used to study the decomposition of each of these compounds under heat and UV light. Each treatment resulted in a relatively fast decomposition of the diazoketone functional group, along with a slower reaction of the azide and alkene groups. Thus it was possible to react the diazoketone end of these compounds with a fiberglass surface, without affecting the azide or alkene functional groups on the other ends of the molecules. In samples of treated fiberglass containing compounds A or B and mixed by extrusion with polyethylene, the mechanical properties of the composites had improved properties over composites containing untreated samples of fiberglass. With A as the coupling agent, both the tensile properties and Izod impact showed changes that indicated that a bifunctional bridge was formed between the fiberglass and polyethylene phases.

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Section: Results Of Extrusion Studiesmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In the early 1990s Holden et al 18,19 synthesized and tested a series of bifunctional compounds containing diazoketone, azide, and alkene functional groups. Several compounds in this series containing the diazoketone group were able to react with the hydroxylated surfaces of alumina and silica gel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bifunctional coupling agents for improved mechanical properties in fiberglass/polyethylene composites

Dyke

Gnatowski²,

Burczyk³

2002

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…31,32 The additional absorption bands arising from azide group are seen at 2,140 cm À1 (symmetric stretching vibration), 1,714 and 1,270 cm À1 (asymmetric stretching vibration) in the ATR-FTIR spectrum of stearoyl azide. 33,34 The peaks seen 2,180 and 1,540 cm À1 are due to the formation of stearyl isocyanate during the ATR-FTIR testing due to the low termal stability of stearoyl azide compound. Similar observations were seen in the literature working with azide compounds.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New route for modifying cellulosic fibres with fatty acids and its application to polyethylene/jute fibre composites

Doğan

Tayfun

Doğan

2015

Journal of Composite Materials

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The main aim of this study was the modification of jute fibres with stearic acid using new route called azide method. The surface changes after modification process were characterized by attenuated total reflectance – Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy analyses. It was shown that the stearic acid was bonded to JF using azide method and the surface modification through azide method did not deteriorate the surface properties of JF. Representative JF containing low-density polyethylene-based composites were also prepared and characterized by tensile testing, dynamical mechanical analysis and differential scanning calorimeter. According to mechanical test results, the tensile strength and elastic modulus were increased using stearic acid modified JF through azide method. According to differential scanning calorimeter results, surface modification with stearoyl azide reduced the degree of crystallinity with respect to alkaline treated one.

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“…Compounds A and B are both part of a family of bifunctional compounds originally synthesized by McGarvey and Holden,6, 7 and intended to act as amphiphilic bifunctional compounds in composites containing glass and Al 2 O 3 . At one end of the molecule both A and B contain a heat‐ or light‐sensitive diazoketone group, which can bind to the hydroxyl groups on a glass surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activation of bifunctional coupling agents in fiberglass/polyethylene composites by electron beam

Dyke

Gnatowski²,

Burczyk³

2002

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Electron beam (EB) radiation was investigated as a means to initiate coupling between the fiberglass and plastic phases in fiberglass/polyethylene plastic composites using two bifunctional compounds, 12-azido-1-diazo-2-dodecanone (A) and 1-diazo-17-octadecene-2-one (B). Chemical studies reveal that EB radiation has the potential to bind both of these compounds to fiberglass. Fiberglass coated with either A or B shows reduced values of percentage recovery upon exposure to EB, indicating a reaction between these compounds and the glass surface. However, even 400 kGy of radiation was not as effective as a heat treatment for 45 min at 150°C. To test the effectiveness of EB radiation to couple these compounds to polyethylene, fiberglass samples were heat-treated with compounds A and B, followed by extrusion mixing with polyethylene, and exposure of molded tensile and impact samples to EB radiation. Compound B showed the best overall ability to couple with the polyethylene matrix, but a 400-kGy dose was necessary to bring about substantial coupling. At 400 kGy, samples containing B showed a 23% improvement in tensile properties and a 30% change in Izod impact.

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Chemistry in adsorbed monolayers. 3. Fourier transform infrared attenuated total reflectance study of photoreactive self-assembled monolayers

Cited by 9 publications

References 1 publication

Bifunctional coupling agents for improved mechanical properties in fiberglass/polyethylene composites

Bifunctional coupling agents for improved mechanical properties in fiberglass/polyethylene composites

New route for modifying cellulosic fibres with fatty acids and its application to polyethylene/jute fibre composites

Activation of bifunctional coupling agents in fiberglass/polyethylene composites by electron beam

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