Chemistry of components in wheat and oats that influence behaviour of wheat bulb fly larvae

Greenway, A. R.; Scott, G. C.; Calam, D.H.; Smith, Malcolm

doi:10.1016/0022-1910(76)90016-0

Cited by 6 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Scott (1974) and Greenway et al. (1976) concluded that neonate WBF larvae find wheat exudates and extracts by random movement, followed by an arrestant effect of the exudates and extracts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The strong positive geotaxis which was demonstrated by neonate WBF larvae in the present study suggests that the upward movements in soil described by Long (1958) can be attributed to the attractancy of wheat stems, rather than to any innate negative geotaxis. Scott (1974) and Greenway et al (1976) concluded that neonate WBF larvae find wheat exudates and extracts by random movement, followed by an arrestant effect of the exudates and extracts. However, their bioassays were conducted in daylight.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Host plant choice and location by larvae of the wheat bulb fly (Delia coarctata)

Marriott¹,

Evans²

2003

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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Wheat bulb fly (Delia coarctata Fallen, Diptera: Anthomyiidae) is an important pest of winter wheat in the eastern half of the UK, and in northern and eastern Europe. The larvae must find a host plant and invade a tiller soon after hatching in late January. Chemical controls are costly and weather conditions may reduce their efficacy or prevent their application. Post‐emergence control relies on organophosphate insecticides, which may soon be withdrawn due to concerns about their negative health and environmental effects. Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the preferred cereal host, but other winter cereals and related grasses may also be attacked, while oats (Avena spp.) are shunned. In choice test bioassays, neonate larvae chose couch grass (Elytrigia repens (L.) Nevski syn. Elymus repens (L.) Gould, Agropyearon repens (L.) Beauv.) seedlings and exudates over wheat seedlings and exudates, and exhibited geotaxis and negative phototaxis. Analysis of larval trails in choice test bioassays of seedling exudates showed that couch exudates are more attractive than wheat exudates, and that wheat exudates are more arrestant than couch exudates. This suggests that infochemicals isolated from couch, wheat, and oats could be used in wheat bulb fly control; possible delivery mechanisms are discussed. These findings, previous research, and a comparison of the phenologies and geographical distributions of D. coarctata and its hosts suggest that E. repens is the natural host of D. coarctata.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host plant choice and location by larvae of the wheat bulb fly (Delia coarctata)

Marriott¹,

Evans²

2003

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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“…The phenolic compounds syringic and vanillic acids were screened. This was due to the presence of both compounds in wheat and couch grass exudates, and due to the suggestion linking phenolic compounds to the attraction of WBF larvae to wheat seedlings (Greenway et al., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Larvae of WBF have been shown to locate host‐plant seedlings through chemotaxis (Scott, ; Greenway et al., ; Marriott & Evans, ), utilising Poaceae‐specific secondary plant metabolites, such as the hydroxamic acids DIMBOA (2,4‐dihydroxy‐7‐methoxy‐1,4‐benzoxazin‐3‐one) and MBOA (6‐methoxy‐benzoxazolin‐2‐one) (Rogers & Evans, ). Furthermore, when exposed to elevated levels of the primary plant metabolite CO 2 , WBF larvae are induced to intensively search an area (Rogers et al., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Insects are more likely to use a range of chemicals or ratios of chemicals to identify host plants rather than a single identifying chemical. Greenway et al (1976) fractioned wheat extracts to test their attraction to WBF larvae and identify their chemistry. One of the attractive fractions was suspected of containing phenolic compounds and that these may, in part, be responsible for attraction of WBF larvae to wheat seedlings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Wheat bulb fly, Delia coarctata, larval attraction to phenolic components of host‐plant root exudates

Rogers

Evans

2013

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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Wheat bulb fly (WBF), Delia coarctata Fallén (Diptera: Anthomyiidae), larvae are a subterranean pest of wheat [Triticum aestivum L. (Poaceae)] and other cereals. Larvae locate host plants through chemotaxis and chemokinesis, utilising the primary plant metabolite carbon dioxide as a ‘search trigger’ and Poaceae‐specific secondary plant metabolites exuded from the plant. The aim of this study was to use arena bioassays to identify further compounds involved in the host‐finding process. The larval behavioural response to four concentrations of syringic and vanillic acid, chemical constituents of host‐plant exudates, were tested. Analysis of the final resting position of D. coarctata larvae by the Rayleigh test of uniformity identified attraction to wheat seedling exudates and to both compounds at the lowest concentrations tested, with syringic acid concentrations being most attractive at 0.1 mg l−1 and vanillic acid being most attractive at 0.001 mg l−1. These results add more detail to the subterranean chemical ecology of this species, allowing a behavioural sequence for host‐plant orientation by WBF larvae to be proposed.

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Wheat bulb fly (Delia coarctata, Fallén, Diptera: Anthomyiidae) larval response to hydroxamic acid constituents of host-plant root exudates

Rogers

Evans

2013

Bull. Entomol. Res.

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Wheat bulb fly (WBF, Delia coarctata, Fallén, Diptera: Anthomyiidae) is a pest of commercial importance in wheat, barley and rye, with attacked crops failing to produce full potential yields. Females do not oviposit in association with a host-plant; therefore, prompt location of a suitable host is critical to the survival of the newly hatched larvae. The objective of this study was to conduct choice test bioassays to assess the attraction of WBF larvae to specific chemical constituents of WBF host-plant root exudates, the hydroxamic acids DIMBOA (2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one) and MBOA (6-methoxy-benzoxazolin-2-one). The larval response to four concentrations of each test compound was assessed in arena bioassays. Analysis using a Rayleigh test of uniformity of the final resting positions of larvae in response to these chemicals indicated attraction. These results go some way to explaining the mechanisms by which WBF larvae locate host plants, giving the potential to develop semiochemical based control strategies.

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Chemistry of components in wheat and oats that influence behaviour of wheat bulb fly larvae

Cited by 6 publications

References 18 publications

Host plant choice and location by larvae of the wheat bulb fly (Delia coarctata)

Host plant choice and location by larvae of the wheat bulb fly (Delia coarctata)

Wheat bulb fly, Delia coarctata, larval attraction to phenolic components of host‐plant root exudates

Wheat bulb fly (Delia coarctata, Fallén, Diptera: Anthomyiidae) larval response to hydroxamic acid constituents of host-plant root exudates

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