Chemistry of polydopamine analogues

Abstract

Polydopamine analogues (PDANAs) extend the prospering field of polydopamine (PDA) considerably. They include additional functional groups providing altered properties interesting for various applications. PDANAs can be obtained by post functionalization of PDA, by oxidative polymerization of dopamine derivatives or by copolymerization of dopamine with dopamine derivatives, other monomers or reactive polymers. This review covers the state of the art and gives insight into the huge potential of the field to be explored in the future. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry

Palladium on Polydopamine: Its True Potential in Catalytic Transfer Hydrogenations and Heck Coupling Reactions

“…The polymerization of DA has been investigated extensively regarding mechanism, conditions, additives, and polymer structure . Generally, the polymeric material forms under basic aqueous conditions in the presence of O 2 in water or water/alcohol solvent mixtures .…”

“…There are several reasons for its popularity: it is easy to prepare through dopamine (DA) self‐polymerization under slightly basic aqueous conditions, it adheres to virtually any solid material, it can be functionalized further after formation, it redox‐active and biocompatible . These properties lead to a broad spectrum of applications including surface coatings, solar energy conversion, water purification, microrobots, or nanomedicine …”

Polydopamine and eumelanin models in various oxidation states

“…19 Although there is currently no consensus on the molecular structures of PDA, it is widely accepted that dopamine-quinone and 5,6-dihydroxyindole (DHI) and uncyclized dopamine-like units are the essential building blocks. 2,20,21 Eumelanin, the most common type of melanin, shares various physiochemical properties with PDA due to their similarities in structures and functional groups. Eumelanin is found in almost every organism and provides many biological functions including colorization and photoprotection.…”

Dynamic Nitroxide Functional Materials

“…In recent years, the use of polymerizable catecholic precursors has driven surface modifications because it is a versatile, rapid and easy‐accessible coating strategy . Bioderived plant polyphenolic materials as well as poly(catecholamine) scaffolds exhibit highly adhesive properties owing to their multiple expressed catechol groups in the polymer scaffold, with synergistic effects of amino side groups for the latter class of adhesive polymers . Biomimetic molecular constructs have been inspired by the efficient adhesion system of marine mussels based on DOPA‐ and lysine‐enriched mussel foot proteins with catechol and amino side chains resulting in glue‐like, adhesive properties .…”