Chemistry of the Group 13 metals: some themes and variations

Downs, Anthony J.

doi:10.1007/978-94-011-2170-5_1

Cited by 62 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 269 publications

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“…Nevertheless, those based on Ag, Bi, and In elements remain undoubtedly the most promising for optoelectronics. Also, it is worth stressing that even if +3 is the most abundant In oxidation state, broad literature focusing on the +1 chemistry is similarly well-assessed. , Focusing more on the perovskite class of compounds, CsInF 3 and CsInCl 3 (not investigated here) have been theoretically predicted to show bond disproportion, while very recently the synthesis of the tetragonal compound, nominally Cs 1.17 In 0.81 Cl 3 , has confirmed the coexistence of the two oxidation states in the same compound . Two related species, CsTlX 3 (X = F or Cl), have been synthesized, revealing an alternating pattern Tl(I)···Tl(III) .…”

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confidence: 87%

Optical Properties of Lead-Free Double Perovskites by Ab Initio Excited-State Methods

et al. 2020

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We discuss the nature of the optical excitations of Cs 2 AgBiBr 6 , the archetypal compound of lead-free double-perovskites. Such quaternary material shows an indirect electronic bandgap with a broad optical absorption spectrum above 2 eV. By means of ab-initio excited-state methods we show that the first absorption peak is due to a bound direct exciton (X point of the Brillouin Zone), while the photoluminescence spectrum is explained in terms of phonon-assisted radiative recombination of indirect-bound excitons with transferred momenta along the L-X and Γ-X directions. To address the role of metal and halide atoms on the electronic and optical properties of this materials class, we investigate two additional ternary double-perovskites, i.e. Cs 2 In 2 X 6 (X=F, Br). Based on the accurate determination of the absorption coefficients and minimum gaps we estimate the spectroscopic limited maximum efficiency of solar cells based on such compounds, providing relevant information for their application in photovoltaics. Bulk Hybrid Organic Inorganic Halide Perovskites (OIHPs) and derived systems have completely changed the scenario of modern, cheap, photovoltaics (PV), 1-7 as testified by the huge conversion efficiencies (PCEs) reached by the perovskite solar cells (PSCs) that nowadays pass 23%. 8 Despite the so high PCEs reached by PSCs based on the archetypal compound MAPbX 3 (MA=CH 3 NH + 3 , methylammonium; X=halide) as light harvester, there remain issues mainly related to device stability and toxicity. For the former, the dimensionality reduction (3D → 2D, via the partial/total replacement of MA with longer-chain, hydrophobic, aliphatic (BA=butylammonium) or aromatic (PEA=phenethylammonium), organic cations), at the price of reduced PCEs, seems one of the best direction to follow. 9-12

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confidence: 87%

Optical Properties of Lead-Free Double Perovskites by Ab Initio Excited-State Methods

et al. 2020

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“…Indium is a lustrous silver-white metal, belonging to the IIIA group of the periodic chart. This element is extremely malleable and widely used in medicine, industry, and nuclear fields (Downs, 1993). In medical field, its first reported application is in the radiopharmaceutical agents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histological and ultrastructural study of the intracellular behavior of indium in the testicular tissues

Maghraoui¹,

Àyadi²,

Aouatef³

et al. 2010

Microscopy Res & Technique

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Indium, a IIIA group element of the periodic chart, has many medical uses for diagnostic and clinical investigations in humans. This element is also used in industry and in nuclear fields where released streams can contaminate environment. Consequently, indium can reach humans mainly by natural ways. In this work, we attempted to study the incidence of this element on the food intake and body and testicle weights of rat, as well as the histological and the ultrastructural consequences of its presence in testicles using conventional transmission electron microscopy. Our study showed that this element induced a significant decrease in the food intake and body and testicles weights and caused necrosis and vacuolization in germinal cells. The ultrastructural observations showed the presence of electron-dense deposits characteristic of indium in the lysosomes of Leydig and Sertoli cells as well as sufferance in mitochondria of indium-treated rats. Despite the role of lysosome in the protection of living cells, by sequestration and concentration of indium in testicle cells under insoluble form, it is probable that this element has noxious effects on food intake and body and testicles weight and induces necrosis on seminal tissues of treated rats.

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“…Stable sol of boehmite can be prepared by peptization of precipitant formed upon mixing the solutions of Al(NO 3 ) 3 and NH 4 OH, and dried xerogel is macroporous [ 15 , 16 ]. Another pathway of preparation of porous alumina using aluminum nitrate nonahydrate as a precursor is based on thermodestruction [ 17 , 18 ]: …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural and Morphological Features of Disperse Alumina Synthesized Using Aluminum Nitrate Nonahydrate

Myronyuk¹,

Mandzyuk²,

Sachko³

et al. 2016

Nanoscale Res Lett

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Transformation of Al(NO3)3∙9H2O (upon heating in the range of 20–1200 °C) into blends of amorphous and crystalline boehmite (210–525 °C), amorphous alumina and crystalline γ-Al2O3 (850 °C), and crystalline α-Al2O3 (1100 °C) was analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM), infrared (IR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetry, and low-temperature nitrogen adsorption. Boehmite consists of nanoparticles of 6–10 nm in diameter, and part of them has crystalline structure observed in HRTEM images, despite they are XRD amorphous. The nanoglobules are surrounded by amorphous aluminum hydroxide with chains of –AlO(H)–O–AlO(H)– of 1–5 nm in length. Heating of samples at 350–525 °C gives mesoporous aluminum hydroxide with a relatively narrow pore size distribution. An increase in calcination temperature to 850 °C decreases the porosity of alumina composed of amorphous and crystalline (γ-Al2O3) phases. Calcination at 1100 °C gives α-Al2O3 with strongly decreased porosity of aggregates.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s11671-016-1366-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Chemistry of the Group 13 metals: some themes and variations

Cited by 62 publications

References 269 publications

Optical Properties of Lead-Free Double Perovskites by Ab Initio Excited-State Methods

Optical Properties of Lead-Free Double Perovskites by Ab Initio Excited-State Methods

Histological and ultrastructural study of the intracellular behavior of indium in the testicular tissues

Structural and Morphological Features of Disperse Alumina Synthesized Using Aluminum Nitrate Nonahydrate

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